Fatwa ID: 06178
Answered by: Maulana Mohammed Dilwar Hussain
Question:
I am a Moroccan woman from a practising family, my parents and my family encourage me to be absent from gatherings where music is played and the hijab is not respected, the mixture of men and women is commonplace, and I prefer to listen to my family rather than my husband because I find him extremist or I think he is wrong in his understanding of religion, I will list some facts:
1. When my husband came home I went out with my aunts, one of my aunts told me after the divorce you know when your husband comes you have to stay with your husband you made a mistake by always going out.
2. I am a person who has a lot of trouble with the hijab, several times I wanted to take it off but my husband told me not to talk to him without forcing me.
3. After my divorce I took off the hijab and got a job as a pizza delivery woman, I made my deliveries without the hijab, for my deliveries I use my personal car but it broke down, and for me, someone put the evil eye on me, but someone told me that I am wrong, it is Allah who punished me because I do not wear the veil and that the work I do in not respecting the limits of the Shhariya, I told him that he is wrong and that he must stop believing that it is because of the veil because there are many women who work without a hijab and yet they have no problems, for me, it is not a question of hijab it is a question of evil eye am I wrong or not? am I correctly guiding?
I am a girl who listens to music and gives music to listen to her children do I have nothing to fear from Allah or am I wrong? am I correctly guiding?
I would like clear explanations, and proof from the Shariyyah on my behaviour to know if I should rectify myself
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
I commend you for your aspirations in seeking to become better, may Allāh Ta’ālā make this process easier for you. Ameen.
Music
First of all, it is imperative that you understand that listening to music is explicitly prohibited in Shari’ah. There are countless narrations from the Prophet ﷺ prohibiting it. I have listed only a few narrations below;
“In this Ummah, there shall be collapsing of the earth, transformation and Qadhf.” A man among the Muslims said: “O Messenger of Allāh! When is that?” He said: “When singing slave-girls, music, and drinking intoxicants spread.” [Sunan Al-Tirmizi: Hadith 2212] [1]
“People among my nation will drink wine, calling it by another name, and musical instruments will be played for them and singing girls (will sing for them). Allāh will cause the earth to swallow them up, and will turn them into monkeys and pigs.” [Sunan Ibn Mājah: Hadith 4020] [2]
Abu ‘Amir or Abu Malik Al-Ash’ari: that he heard the Prophet ﷺ saying, “From among my followers there will be some people who will consider illegal sexual intercourse, the wearing of silk, the drinking of alcoholic drinks and the use of musical instruments, as lawful. And there will be some people who will stay near the side of a mountain and in the evening their shepherd will come to them with their sheep and ask them for something, but they will say to him, ‘Return to us tomorrow.’ Allah will destroy them during the night and will let the mountain fall on them, and He will transform the rest of them into monkeys and pigs and they will remain so till the Day of Resurrection.” [Sahih Al-Bukhāri: Hadith 5590] [3]
‘Ali bin Abi Talib narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “When my Ummah does fifteen things, the afflictions will occur in it.” It was said: “What are they O Messenger of Allāh?” He said: “When Al-Maghnam (the spoils of war) are distributed (preferentially), trust is usurped, Zakah is a fine, a man obeys his wife and disobeys his mother, he is kind to his friend and abandons his father, voices are raised in the Masājid, the leader of the people is the most despicable among them, the most honoured man is the one whose evil the people are afraid of, intoxicants are drunk, silk is worn (by males), there is a fascination for singing slave-girls and music, and the end of this Ummah curses its beginning. When that occurs, anticipate a red wind, collapsing of the earth, and transformation.” [Sunan Al-Tirmizi: Hadith 2210] [4]
From these narrations, we can identify the severity of sin which is related to listening to music and the punishment which is attributed to it in this world. We can also see that it is amongst the signs of Qiyāmah. By listening to music, you will be sinful. Allowing your children to listen to music as well, will also make you reprehensible as well.
Hijāb
“And tell the believing women that they must lower their gazes and guard their private parts. They must not expose their adornment except that which appears (necessarily) thereof. They must wrap their bosoms with their shawls. They must not expose their adornment except to; their husbands, their fathers, the fathers of their husbands, to their sons, the sons of their husbands, to their brothers, the sons of their brothers, the sons of their sisters, to their women, to those owned by their right hands, to male attendants having no (sexual) urge, or to the children who are not yet conscious of the shames of women. And let them not stamp their feet in a way that the adornment they conceal is known. And repent to Allāh O believers, all of you, so that you may achieve success.” [Surah Al-Noor; 24:31] [5]
Under the Tafseer of this verse, Imām Qurtubi states, that previously, women used to cover their heads with the Khimār (a head cloth). The ending parts of which used to be kept on their backs, behind their ears without covering their necks and upper chest. This was common among Christian women. But with the advent of Islam and the revelation of the verses of Hijāb, they started using the Khimār to cover their heads, necks and upper chest.
“O Prophet, tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers that they should draw down their shawls. That is more suitable that they will be known and not be abused. And ever is Allah Forgiving and Merciful.” [Surah Al-Ahzāb; 33:59] [6]
Umm Salamah narrated to him, that she and Maimunah were with the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ, she said: “So when we were with him, Ibn Umm Maktum came, and he entered upon him, and that was after veiling had been ordered for us. So, the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: ‘Veil yourselves from him.’ So, I said: ‘O Messenger of Allāh! Is he not blind such that he cannot see us or recognize us?’ So, the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: ‘Are you two blind such that you cannot see him?'” [Sunan Al-Tirmizi; Hadith:2778] [7]
Women drawing the Hijāb over their heads, covering their hair, neck and upper chest with it has been made mandatory through multiple verses of the Qur’ān and several Hadiths. We are living through testing times and at times it can become difficult for us to practise our Deen effectively. Allāh Ta’ālā rewards us for the good that we do. Adhering to Hijāb is not only a means of reward by obeying the command of Allāh Ta’ālā but it is also a means of safeguarding and protecting one’s beauty from the evil eye and unwanted attention.
Work
The rules of Shari’ah are divine laws sent down by Allāh Ta’ālā to govern every aspect of our lives so that we can attain maximum benefit and reward. Allāh Ta’ālā has commanded that a women’s financial needs be fulfilled by her father or guardian before her marriage and then by her husband after marriage. This is the honour and dignity that Islam has given to our women. However, if the need arises where a woman does need to work, then a few conditions would need to be met beforehand; it should be an environment where she would not be subjected to intermingling or physical contact with non-Mahram men, and her gaze should be protected and lowered and her Awrah would need to be covered (i.e., adhering to Hijāb).
Trials
“Do the people think that they will be left to say, “We believe” and they will not be put to test?” [Surah Al-‘Ankabut; 29:2] [8]
“We shall surely test you with fear and hunger, loss of property, lives and crops; but give glad tidings to those who have fortitude. Who, when struck by misfortune, says: ‘We belong to Allāh, and surely to Him we shall return.’” [Surah al-Baqarah; 2:155-156] [9]
“He Who created Death and Life, that He may test which of you is best in worship: and He is the Exalted in Might, Oft-Forgiving.” [Surah al-Mulk; 67:2] [10]
However, regardless of whatever difficulties we are going through we should not become despondent in the mercy of Allāh. Allāh Ta’ālā forgives all sins (big or small). [Surah az-Zumar; 39:53] [11]
Allāh Ta’ālā reminds us that He does not burden us with any trial greater than that which we can bare. [Surah al-Baqarah; 2:286] [12]
Whatever troubles you are going through, Allāh Ta’ālā has specifically chosen to test you with these because Allāh Ta’ālā knows that you can handle it and through this hardship, Allāh Ta’ālā wants to give you this opportunity to turn back to Him and draw nearer to Him.
Allāh Ta’ālā says that with every hardship comes two sets of ease. [Surah al-Sharh; 94:5-6] [13]
The Prophet ﷺ said, “no calamity befalls a Muslim but Allah expiates some of his sins because of it…” [Sahih Bukhari; Hadith 5640] [14]
May Allāh Ta’ālā make all your matters easier for you. Ameen
Only Allāh knows best.
Written by Maulana Mohammed Dilwar Hussain
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
[1]حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْكُوفِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْقُدُّوسِ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ هِلاَلِ بْنِ يِسَافٍ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ” فِي هَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ خَسْفٌ وَمَسْخٌ وَقَذْفٌ ” . فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَتَى ذَاكَ قَالَ ” إِذَا ظَهَرَتِ الْقَيْنَاتُ وَالْمَعَازِفُ وَشُرِبَتِ الْخُمُورُ ” . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَابِطٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُرْسَلاً وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ
[2]حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْنُ بْنُ عِيسَى، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ حَاتِمِ بْنِ حُرَيْثٍ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ غَنْمٍ الأَشْعَرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ الأَشْعَرِيِّ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ “ لَيَشْرَبَنَّ نَاسٌ مِنْ أُمَّتِي الْخَمْرَ يُسَمُّونَهَا بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهَا يُعْزَفُ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ بِالْمَعَازِفِ وَالْمُغَنِّيَاتِ يَخْسِفُ اللَّهُ بِهِمُ الأَرْضَ وَيَجْعَلُ مِنْهُمُ الْقِرَدَةَ وَالْخَنَازِيرَ ” .
[3]وَقَالَ هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا صَدَقَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَطِيَّةُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الْكِلاَبِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ غَنْمٍ الأَشْعَرِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عَامِرٍ ـ أَوْ أَبُو مَالِكٍ ـ الأَشْعَرِيُّ وَاللَّهِ مَا كَذَبَنِي سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ “ لَيَكُونَنَّ مِنْ أُمَّتِي أَقْوَامٌ يَسْتَحِلُّونَ الْحِرَ وَالْحَرِيرَ وَالْخَمْرَ وَالْمَعَازِفَ، وَلَيَنْزِلَنَّ أَقْوَامٌ إِلَى جَنْبِ عَلَمٍ يَرُوحُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِسَارِحَةٍ لَهُمْ، يَأْتِيهِمْ ـ يَعْنِي الْفَقِيرَ ـ لِحَاجَةٍ فَيَقُولُوا ارْجِعْ إِلَيْنَا غَدًا. فَيُبَيِّتُهُمُ اللَّهُ وَيَضَعُ الْعَلَمَ، وَيَمْسَخُ آخَرِينَ قِرَدَةً وَخَنَازِيرَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ”.
[4]حَدَّثَنَا صَالِحُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ التِّرْمِذِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا الْفَرَجُ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ أَبُو فَضَالَةَ الشَّامِيُّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ” إِذَا فَعَلَتْ أُمَّتِي خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ خَصْلَةً حَلَّ بِهَا الْبَلاَءُ ” . فَقِيلَ وَمَا هُنَّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ ” إِذَا كَانَ الْمَغْنَمُ دُوَلاً وَالأَمَانَةُ مَغْنَمًا وَالزَّكَاةُ مَغْرَمًا وَأَطَاعَ الرَّجُلُ زَوْجَتَهُ وَعَقَّ أُمَّهُ وَبَرَّ صَدِيقَهُ وَجَفَا أَبَاهُ وَارْتَفَعَتِ الأَصْوَاتُ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ وَكَانَ زَعِيمُ الْقَوْمِ أَرْذَلَهُمْ وَأُكْرِمَ الرَّجُلُ مَخَافَةَ شَرِّهِ وَشُرِبَتِ الْخُمُورُ وَلُبِسَ الْحَرِيرُ وَاتُّخِذَتِ الْقَيْنَاتُ وَالْمَعَازِفُ وَلَعَنَ آخِرُ هَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ أَوَّلَهَا فَلْيَرْتَقِبُوا عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ رِيحًا حَمْرَاءَ أَوْ خَسْفًا وَمَسْخًا ” . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ إِلاَّ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ وَلاَ نَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا رَوَاهُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ غَيْرَ الْفَرَجِ بْنِ فَضَالَةَ . وَالْفَرَجُ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ قَدْ تَكَلَّمَ فِيهِ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ وَضَعَّفَهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ حِفْظِهِ وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ عَنْهُ وَكِيعٌ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الأَئِمَّةِ .
}[5]وَقُل لِّلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِ يَغۡضُضۡنَ مِنۡ أَبۡصَٰرِهِنَّ وَيَحۡفَظۡنَ فُرُوجَهُنَّ وَلَا يُبۡدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنۡهَاۖ وَلۡيَضۡرِبۡنَ بِخُمُرِهِنَّ عَلَىٰ جُيُوبِهِنَّۖ وَلَا يُبۡدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا لِبُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوۡ ءَابَآئِهِنَّ أَوۡ ءَابَآءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوۡ أَبۡنَآئِهِنَّ أَوۡ أَبۡنَآءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوۡ إِخۡوَٰنِهِنَّ أَوۡ بَنِيٓ إِخۡوَٰنِهِنَّ أَوۡ بَنِيٓ أَخَوَٰتِهِنَّ أَوۡ نِسَآئِهِنَّ أَوۡ مَا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُهُنَّ أَوِ ٱلتَّٰبِعِينَ غَيۡرِ أُوْلِي ٱلۡإِرۡبَةِ مِنَ ٱلرِّجَالِ أَوِ ٱلطِّفۡلِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَظۡهَرُواْ عَلَىٰ عَوۡرَٰتِ ٱلنِّسَآءِۖ وَلَا يَضۡرِبۡنَ بِأَرۡجُلِهِنَّ لِيُعۡلَمَ مَا يُخۡفِينَ مِن زِينَتِهِنَّۚ وَتُوبُوٓاْ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ جَمِيعًا أَيُّهَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ {
}[6]يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّ قُل لِّأَزۡوَٰجِكَ وَبَنَاتِكَ وَنِسَآءِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ يُدۡنِينَ عَلَيۡهِنَّ مِن جَلَٰبِيبِهِنَّۚ ذَٰلِكَ أَدۡنَىٰٓ أَن يُعۡرَفۡنَ فَلَا يُؤۡذَيۡنَۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورا رَّحِيما {
[7]حَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ نَبْهَانَ، مَوْلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ حَدَّثَتْهُ أَنَّهَا، كَانَتْ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَمَيْمُونَةُ قَالَتْ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ أَقْبَلَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَذَلِكَ بَعْدَ مَا أُمِرْنَا بِالْحِجَابِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ” احْتَجِبَا مِنْهُ ” . فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَيْسَ هُوَ أَعْمَى لاَ يُبْصِرُنَا وَلاَ يَعْرِفُنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ” أَفَعَمْيَاوَانِ أَنْتُمَا أَلَسْتُمَا تُبْصِرَانِهِ ” . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .
}[8]أَحَسِبَ ٱلنَّاسُ أَن يُتۡرَكُوٓاْ أَن يَقُولُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَهُمۡ لَا يُفۡتَنُونَ{
}[9] وَلَنَبۡلُوَنَّكُم بِشَیۡءࣲ مِّنَ ٱلۡخَوۡفِ وَٱلۡجُوعِ وَنَقۡصࣲ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَمۡوَ لِ وَٱلۡأَنفُسِ وَٱلثَّمَرَ تِۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلصَّـٰبِرِینَ. ٱلَّذِینَ إِذَاۤ أَصَـٰبَتۡهُم مُّصِیبَةࣱ قَالُوۤا۟ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّاۤ إِلَیۡهِ رَ جِعُونَ{
}[10]ٱلَّذِی خَلَقَ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ وَٱلۡحَیَوٰةَ لِیَبۡلُوَكُمۡ أَیُّكُمۡ أَحۡسَنُ عَمَلࣰاۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِیزُ ٱلۡغَفُورُ {
}[11]قُلۡ یَـٰعِبَادِیَ ٱلَّذِینَ أَسۡرَفُوا۟ عَلَىٰۤ أَنفُسِهِمۡ لَا تَقۡنَطُوا۟ مِن رَّحۡمَةِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ یَغۡفِرُ ٱلذُّنُوبَ جَمِیعًاۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِیمُ {
}[12]لَا یُكَلِّفُ ٱللَّهُ نَفۡسًا إِلَّا وُسۡعَهَاۚ {
}[13]فَإِنَّ مَعَ ٱلۡعُسۡرِ یُسۡرًا. إِنَّ مَعَ ٱلۡعُسۡرِ یُسۡرࣰا {
[14]حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم “ مَا مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ تُصِيبُ الْمُسْلِمَ إِلاَّ كَفَّرَ اللَّهُ بِهَا عَنْهُ، حَتَّى الشَّوْكَةِ يُشَاكُهَا ”.
