Fatwa ID: 07300
Answered by: Maulana Sarfraz Mohammad
Question:
1. If one rakat of Witr or three rakats of Witr with one Tashahhud are given in “Sahih Al Buhari and Muslim “why do Hanafi scholars not follow them?
Even if there were other arguments, are not the sources in ” Al Buhari and Muslim more preferable?
2. I live in a secular society. Sometimes a long beard is considered as a sign of extremism or terrorism. Can I grow a short beard which is shorter than the length of a fist?
3. Is there strong evidence that raising hands before the Ruku’ and after the Ruku’ were abrogated? Some students state that Malik bin Huwairith who talked about raising hands lived during the last years of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).
4. What should I do if I have not a spouse and I am not sexually active and I can control my desires but sometimes thoughts arise in my head that I can get sick due to the lack of sexual life?
5. Why is it better to recite daytime Nafl prayers as 4 rakaats than 2 by 2 according to All Buhari and Muslim? What are the arguments for it?
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
1. It is imperative to first know that the Fuqahā (Islamic Jurists) in extrapolating rulings from the Qurān and Ahāhith, have their own principles and maxims. When the evidence contradicts each other in a ruling, each Imām would give preference to a piece of evidence based on the principle and maxim he preferred.
With regard to the witr salāh and how it is performed, because the narrations are different and show different ways regarding how it is done, each Imām gave preference to the way that is according to the principles he follows. The Ahnaaf gave preference to the narrations, which are highly authentic, whereby the witr salāh is of three rakā’t with one salām in the end.
(Sayidina) Ubay bin Ka’b (May Allah Most High be pleased with him) said, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) used to recite Sabihismi Rabika al-Ala in Witr. In the second Rakah, Qul Ya Ayuhal Kafiroon, and Qul huwAllahu Ahad in the third. He (peace be upon him) would not make Salam except at the end of them (the three Rakahs). And He (peace be upon him) used to say (after the final Salam), Subhana al-Malik al-Qudoos, thrice. (Sunan al-Nasai 1701, Sahih).
Other Fuqahā (Islamic Jurists) have given preference to other narrations which suggest different ways of doing the witr Salāh.
2. Growing of the beard is heavily emphasised in the Narrations of The Messenger Of Allah (Allah bless him and give him peace) where he repeatedly instructed the growing of the beard. The majority of the Scholars are of the opinion that growing a beard is wājib (compulsory) for Muslim males. In the Hanafi School of islāmic laws, it is wājib to grow a beard and it is a sunnah to keep it a fist length.
It will not be advisable to cut the beard less than a fist length on the feeble excuse that people will regard you as an extremist. A person should carry out the injections of Islam with little regard for what people will say or think. The norms of society will keep changing, but that does not mean we will alter the rulings accordingly. But instead, we should hold firm to the teachings of Islām and stay steadfast.
3. It should be noted that authentic Ahādith are not only those that Imām Al Bukh̄ari (may Allah have mercy on him) had narrated. But those that are narrated by him are deemed authentic base principles of authenticity that Imām Al Bukh̄ari have outlined. Other Imām of hadith have their own definition of Sahīh (authentic) that they work with. Also, it should be noted that there are not only two categories of Ahādith (Sahīh and Daīif) but rather there are many other categories like hasan etc, which are also called authentic.
The Ahnaaf (Hanafi School) have given preference to those narrations which indicate that there is no raising of hands in Salāh only for the first takbīr in the beginning of the salāh. This is because most of the senior companions of the Messenger of Allah ( Peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) did not do rafu’l yadin (raising of the hands) during salāh. Those narrations that suggest rafu’l yadin was done are abrogated because the companions did not do rafu’l yadin after the demise of Rasulullah [sallallaahu alayhi wasallam]
Ibn Mas’ood [radhiallaahu anhu] says, ‘I shall show you how Nabi [sallallaahu alayhi wasallam] performed Salaat and he only made Raf-ul yadayn in the beginning of Salaat.’ (Sunan al-Tirmidhi Hadith257)
Ibn Mas’ood [radhiallaahu anhu] says, I prayed with the messenger of Allah [sallallaahu alayhi wasallam], Abu Bakr ( Radiallahu anhu) and Umar( Radiallahu anhu). They did not raised their hands except at the beginning of the prayer.
4. Firstly it is important to know that marriage in Islam is considered an act of worship. In normal circumstances it is an emphasised sunnah to get married, if one had the ability to have sexual intercourse, pay the dowry and maintain the wife. One will be sinful for not practising an emphasised sunnah and if he does it with the intention of chastity, he will be rewarded.
If a person fears that he will not be able to fulfil the rights of the wife or he fears he will do injustice to her then he may remain unmarried. However, the messenger of Allah [sallallaahu alayhi wasallam] had advised Fasting (Saum) for those who can not get married.
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said, “O young people! Whoever among you can marry, should marry, because it helps him lower his gaze and guard his modesty (i.e. his private parts from committing illegal sexual intercourse etc.), and whoever is not able to marry, should fast, as fasting diminishes his sexual power.”
5. In performing nawāfil (optional prayers) during the night or day, it is better to perform four four raka’t doing one salām at the end. However, in the night it is allowed to perform up to eight raka’t with one salām sitting for tashahud after every two raka’t but in the day it should not be more than four raka’t. It is also allowed to do two two raka’t by doing salām at the end of every two raka’t.
The Ahnāf have given preference to the sahīh (authentic) Hadith that is mentioned in Sahīh Bukh̄ari and Sahīh Muslim which illustrates the ruling mentioned above. The hadith that mentioned the word mathsnā which mean two two is interpreted as to mean even numbers not odd, that is the day and night nawāfil (optional prayers) should be done in even numbers not odd numbers.
Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says ;The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him and his family) did not increase in Ramadan or otherwise more than eleven rak’ahs , She said: He did not increase in Ramadan or otherwise more than eleven rak’ahs. He would pray four, do not ask about their beauty and length, then he would pray four, do not ask about their beauty and length, then he would pray three.
أخبرنا علي بن ميمون قال: حدّثنا مخلد بن يزيد عن سفيان عن زبيد عن سعيد بن عبد الرحمن
بن أبزي عن أبيه عن أبي بن كعب: أنّ رسول الله صلّى الله عليه و سلّم كان يوتر بثلاث ركعات كان يقرأ في الأولى بـ {سبح اسم ربك الأعلى} وفي الثانية بـ {قل يا أيها الكافرون} وفي الثالثة بـ {قل هو الله أحد}، ويقنت قبل الركوع، فإذا فرغ قال عند فراغه: “سبحان الملك القدوس” ثلاث مرات يطيل في آخرهن”. (سنن النسائي، أخبار اختلاف ألفاظ الناقلین لخبر أبي بن کعب رضی الله عنه :۳/۲۳۵، ط:مکتب المطبوعات الإسلامیة حلب)
وفي شرح الإرشاد: اللحية الشعر النابت بمجتمع الخدين والعارض ما بينهما وبين العذار وهو القدر المحاذي للأذن، يتصل من الأعلى بالصدغ ومن الأسفل بالعارض بحر.——–
ص100 – كتاب حاشية ابن عابدين رد المحتار ط الحلبي – أركان الوضوء – المكتبة الشاملة
(قوله والسنة فيها القبضة) وهو أن يقبض الرجل لحيته فما زاد منها على قبضة قطعه كذا ذكره محمد في كتاب الآثار عن الإمام، قال وبه أخذ. محيط اهـ ط.
روى الطبراني عن ابن عباس رفعه «من سعادة المرء خفة لحيته» ” واشتهر أن طول اللحية دليل على خفة العقل وأنشد بعضهم:ما أحد طالت له لحية … فزادت اللحية في هيئته
إلا وما ينقص من عقله … أكثر مما زاد في لحيت
ص407 – كتاب حاشية ابن عابدين رد المحتار ط الحلبي – فصل في البيع – المكتبة الشاملة
“عن علقمة قال: قال عبد الله بن مسعود ألا أصلي بکم صلاة رسول الله صلی الله علیه وسلم، فصلی فلم یرفع یدیه إلا في أول مرة”. ( جامع الترمذي ۱/ ۵۹، جدید برقم: ۲۵۷، أبوداؤد شریف ۱/ ۱۰۹، جدید برقم: ۷۴۸)
“قال أبو عیسیٰ: حدیث ابن مسعود حدیث حسن، وبه یقول غیر واحد من أهل العلم من أصحاب النبي والتابعین، وهو قول سفیان وأهل الکوفة”. ( جامع الترمذي ۱/ ۵۹، )
عن علقمة عن عبد الله بن مسعود قال: صلیت خلف النبي صلی الله علیه وسلم، وأبي بکر وعمرفلم یرفعوا أیدیهم إلا عند افتتاح الصلاة.” (السنن الکبری للبیهقي ۲/ ۸۰، ۲/ ۷۹، نسخه جدید دارالفکر بیروت ۲/ ۳۹۳ برقم: ۲۵۸۶)
“عن جابر بن سمرة قال: خرج علینا رسول الله صلی الله علیه وسلم فقال: مالي أراکم رافعی أیدیکم کأنها أذناب خیل شمس اسکنوا في الصلاة”. (صحیح مسلم ۱/ ۱۸۱)
«حاشية ابن عابدين = رد المحتار ط الحلبي» (3/ 6):
«(وَيَكُونُ وَاجِبًا عِنْدَ التَّوَقَانِ) فَإِنْ تَيَقَّنَ الزِّنَا إلَّا بِهِ فُرِضَ نِهَايَةٌ وَهَذَا إنْ مَلَكَ الْمَهْرَ وَالنَّفَقَةَ، وَإِلَّا فَلَا إثْمَ بِتَرْكِهِ بَدَائِعُ وَ) يَكُونُ (سُنَّةً) مُؤَكَّدَةً فِي الْأَصَحِّ فَيَأْثَمُ بِتَرْكِهِ وَيُثَابُ إنْ نَوَى تَحْصِينًا
الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (2/ 15):
“(وتكره الزيادة على أربع في نفل النهار، وعلى ثمان ليلاً بتسليمة)؛ لأنه لم يرد، (والأفضل فيهما الرباع بتسليمة)، وقالا: في الليل المثنى أفضل، قيل: وبه يفتى.
(قوله: لأنه لم يرد) أي لم يرد عنه صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه زاد على ذلك. والأصل فيه التوقيف كما في فتح القدير: أي فما لم يوقف على دليل المشروعية لا يحل فعله بل يكره، أي اتفاقاً كما في منية المصلي، أي من أئمتنا الثلاثة، نعم وقع الاختلاف بين المشايخ المتأخرين في الزيادة على الثمانية ليلاً، فقال بعضهم: لا يكره، وإليه ذهب شمس الأئمة السرخسي، وصححه في الخلاصة، وصحح في البدائع الكراهة، قال: وعليه عامة المشايخ، وتمامه في الحلية والبحر.
(قوله: والأفضل فيهما) أي في صلاتي الليل والنهار الرباع. وعبارة الكنز: رباع بدون أل، وهو الأظهر؛ لأنه غير منصرف للوصفية والعدل عن أربع أربع أي ركعات رباع: أي كل أربع بتسليمة. (قوله: قيل: وبه يفتى) عزاه في المعراج إلى العيون. قال في النهر: ورده الشيخ قاسم بما استدل به المشايخ للإمام من حديث الصحيحين عن عائشة – رضي الله عنها – «كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لايزيد في رمضان ولا في غيره على إحدى عشرة ركعةً، يصلي أربعاً لا تسأل عن حسنهن وطولهن، ثم أربعاً فلا تسأل عن حسنهن وطولهن ثم يصلي ثلاثاً» وكانت التراويح ثنتين تخفيفاً، وحديث «صلاة الليل مثنى مثنى» يحتمل أن يراد به شفع لا وتر، وترجحت الأربع بزيادة منفصلة لما أنها أكثر مشقة على النفس، وقد قال صلى الله عليه وسلم: «إنما أجرك على قدر نصبك» اهـ بزيادة، وتمام الكلام على ذلك في شرح المنية وغيره”
Only Allahتعالي Knows Best.
Written by Maulana Sarfraz Mohammad
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham