Fatwa ID: 05945
Answered by: Maulana Yūsuf Badāt
Question:
According to the Ḥanafī school, do we have to make up purposely (lazily) missed ṣalāh as soon as possible, or can we delay it for a certain time? I know the ḥadtīth about accidentally missed ṣalāh but does this apply to one’s missed purposely/lazily?
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
Yes, according to all four mainstream schools of fiqh (jurisprudence), making up for missed prayers is mandatory as soon as possible without any unnecessary delay. – (See: Rad-Al-Muḥtār, Vol 2, Pages 66 and 74, Dār Al-Fikr1, Al-Fiqh ‘Alā Madhāhib Al-‘Arba’ah Vol 1, Page 446, Dār Al-Kutub Al-‘Ilmīyyah2)
Imām Qurtubī (may Allāh have mercy on him) has elaborated on this ruling in his exegesis of the Qur’ān saying, “The jurists of the four schools of jurisprudence unanimously agree that it is incumbent to perform missed (mandatory) prayers, regardless of whether they were missed due to reasons such as sleep, forgetfulness, or were missed out of negligence and laziness.” – (See: Tafsīr Al-Qurṭubī, Surah 20:14)3
“The Messenger of Allāh (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about a man who slept and missed the prayer or was negligent about it. He remarked, “The expiation for that is to pray it when one remembers it.” – (Nasa’ī 614)4
Only Allāh knows best.
Written by Maulana Yūsuf Badāt
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
1 الْقَضَاءُ عَلَى الْفَوْرِ إلَّا لِعُذْرٍ – كتاب الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين رد المحتار ج٢/ ص٦٦ دار الفكر
وَيَجُوزُ تَأْخِيرُ الْفَوَائِتِ لِعُذْرِ وَإِنْ وَجَبَتْ عَلَى الْفَوْرِ – كتاب الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين رد المحتار ج٢/ ص٧٤ دار الفكر
2 قضاء الصلاة المفروضة التي فاتت واجب على الفور سواء فاتت بعذر غير مسقط لها أو فاتت بغير عذر أصلاً باتفاق – كتاب الفقه على المذاهب الأربعة ج ١/ ص٤٤٦ دار الكتب العلمية
3 قَالَ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَرْقُدُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ وَيَغْفُلُ عَنْهَا قَالَ كَفَّارَتُهَا أَنْ يُصَلِّيَهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا تَابَعَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ وَكَذَا يَرْوِي هَمَّامُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ قَتَادَةَ وَرَوَى الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ من نَسِيَ صَلَاةً فَوَقْتُهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا فَقَوْلُهُ فَلْيُصَلِّهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا دَلِيلٌ عَلَى وُجُوبِ الْقَضَاءِ عَلَى النَّائِمِ وَالْغَافِلِ كَثُرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ أَوْ قَلَّتْ وَهُوَ مَذْهَبُ عَامَّةِ الْعُلَمَاءِ وَقَدْ حُكِيَ خِلَافٌ شَاذٌّ لَا يُعْتَدُّ بِهِ لِأَنَّهُ مُخَالِفٌ لِنَصِّ الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ بَعْضِ النَّاسِ فِيمَا زَادَ عَلَى خَمْسِ صَلَوَاتٍ أَنَّهُ لَا يَلْزَمُهُ قَضَاءٌ. قُلْتُ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِإِقَامَةِ الصَّلَاةِ وَنَصَّ عَلَى أَوْقَاتٍ مُعَيَّنَةٍ فَقَالَ أَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ – تفسير القرطبي ج ١١ / ص ١٧٧
4 عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَرْقُدُ عَنِ الصَّلاَةِ أَوْ يَغْفُلُ عَنْهَا قَالَ كَفَّارَتُهَا أَنْ يُصَلِّيَهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا – اخرجه النسأي ٦١٤
