Fatwa ID: 07229
Answered by: Alimah Shireen Mangera-Badat
Question:
Can one pray during Sunrise or Sunset when it is the beginning of sunrise or sunset?
For Example if one is praying salah and he has not completed all of his salah but he has some part of his salah left then whilst the sun is rising or setting he completes his salah.
Is his salah Valid or Not Valid? Will he need to Repeat his salah as Qadah?
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
In Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), there are specific times during which performing Salah (prayer) is generally discouraged or prohibited. These times include the moments of sunrise, zenith (when the sun is at its highest point), and sunset. These are known as “makruh” (disliked) times for offering voluntary (nafl) prayers.
However, if one is already engaged in a fard (obligatory) prayer and the time for sunrise or sunset begins, there are important considerations to be made:
1. Completion of Obligatory Prayer: If you have already started your obligatory Salah before the time of sunrise or sunset begins, you should continue and complete your prayer. The prayer remains valid, and there is no need to repeat it as Qadah (make-up prayer).
2. Prohibition of Starting New Prayers: It is prohibited to intentionally start a new Salah at these specific times. However, this prohibition applies mainly to voluntary prayers, not to obligatory ones that have already begun.1
The basis for this ruling can be found in several Hadiths and the consensus of scholars:
1. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: “There is no prayer after the Fajr prayer until the sun rises, and there is no prayer after the ’Asr prayer until the sun sets” (ibn Majah 1252).2
2. Imam Nawawi, in his commentary on Sahih Muslim, explains that the prohibition applies to starting new prayers at these times but does not invalidate a prayer that has already commenced.
In conclusion, if you are already engaged in your obligatory Salah and the time of sunrise or sunset begins, you should complete your Salah. It remains valid, and there is no requirement to repeat it as Qadah. The prohibition pertains to starting new, non-obligatory prayers during these times.
1 ص103 – كتاب تحفة الفقهاء – باب مواقيت الصلاة
2
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْمُنْكَدِرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي فُدَيْكٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ سَأَلَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ الْمُعَطَّلِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي سَائِلُكَ عَنْ أَمْرٍ أَنْتَ بِهِ عَالِمٌ وَأَنَا بِهِ جَاهِلٌ . قَالَ ” وَمَا هُوَ ” . قَالَ هَلْ مِنْ سَاعَاتِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ سَاعَةٌ تُكْرَهُ فِيهَا الصَّلاَةُ قَالَ ” نَعَمْ. إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ الصُّبْحَ، فَدَعِ الصَّلاَةَ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ. فَإِنَّهَا تَطْلُعُ بِقَرْنَىِ الشَّيْطَانِ. ثُمَّ صَلِّ فَالصَّلاَةُ مَحْضُورَةٌ مُتَقَبَّلَةٌ حَتَّى تَسْتَوِيَ الشَّمْسُ عَلَى رَأْسِكَ كَالرُّمْحِ. فَإِذَا كَانَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِكَ كَالرُّمْحِ فَدَعِ الصَّلاَةَ. فَإِنَّ تِلْكَ السَّاعَةَ تُسْجَرُ فِيهَا جَهَنَّمُ وَتُفْتَحُ فِيهَا أَبْوَابُهَا. حَتَّى تَزِيغَ الشَّمْسُ عَنْ حَاجِبِكَ الأَيْمَنِ. فَإِذَا زَالَتْ فَالصَّلاَةُ مَحْضُورَةٌ مُتَقَبَّلَةٌ حَتَّى تُصَلِّيَ الْعَصْرَ. ثُمَّ دَعِ الصَّلاَةَ حَتَّى تَغِيبَ الشَّمْسُ
Only Allah knows best.
Written by Alimah Shireen Mangera-Badat
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
