Fatwa ID: 07808
Answered by: Maulana Yusuf Badshah
Question:
If a person is having a conversation in his mind and while in the conversation he said something related to kufr accidentally without realizing it and then reconciled it in his mind but now he is unsure if he moved his mouth when he said it because it happened so fast. he thinks that it is most probable that he did not move his mouth but he is doubtful about “what if he did?”. does moving the mouth without making any sound constitute as uttering kufr?
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Answer:
For one to enter Kufr, one must do so aloud, intending Kufr in the process [1]. One does not become a Kafir ‘accidentally’.
What matters here is your intention [2]. Had you intended to say the words of Kufr out loud whilst agreeing with them or intending Kufr, then you will have become a Kafir.
In this case, regardless of whether or not you later reconciled whatever thoughts you had in your mind, you must repeat your Shahadah to enter back into Islam [3], after which it will then be upon you to seek forgiveness and hope it is accepted [4].
But if you did not intend to say the words aloud [5] or you did not intend Kufr, then you would not fall into Kufr, whether you accidentally said them out loud or not [6].
Nevertheless, given the uncertainty in your case, it would be prudent of you to repeat your Shahadah as a precaution.
Either way, this is no joking matter. Should you say words of Kufr aloud intending Kufr, then according to the Ahnaf, all of your good deeds before that point are erased, even if you enter back into Islam again afterwards [7]. Have some self-control, beware of what you say, and never utter such words carelessly.
[1] Raddul Muhtar, vol. 4, pg. 223, Darul Fikr:
وَالْكُفْرُ لُغَةً: السِّتْرُ. وَشَرْعًا: تَكْذِيبُهُ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا جَاءَ بِهِ مِنْ الدِّينِ ضَرُورَةً
[2] Sahih Al-Bukhari 1:
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيُّ ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنَ وَقَّاصٍ اللَّيْثِيَّ ، يَقُولُ : سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، يَقُولُ: “إِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّاتِ، وَإِنَّمَا لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مَا نَوَى، فَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى دُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا أَوْ إِلَى امْرَأَةٍ يَنْكِحُهَا، فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى مَا هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِ”
[3] Fatawa Hindiyyah, vol. 2, pg. 253, Darul Fikr:
وَإِسْلَامُهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِكَلِمَةِ الشَّهَادَةِ، وَيَتَبَرَّأَ عَنْ الْأَدْيَانِ كُلِّهَا سِوَى الْإِسْلَامِ، وَإِنْ تَبَرَّأَ عَمَّا انْتَقَلَ إلَيْهِ كَفَى
[4] Raddul Muhtar, vol. 4, pg. 231, Darul Fikr:
(وَكُلُّ مُسْلِمٍ ارْتَدَّ فَتَوْبَتُهُ مَقْبُولَةٌ)
[5] Surah Al-Baqarah 286:
{لَا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا}
Sahih Al-Bukhari
حَدَّثَنَا خَلاَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا مِسْعَرٌ، حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا زُرَارَةُ بْنُ أَوْفَى، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، يَرْفَعُهُ قَالَ “ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَجَاوَزَ لأُمَّتِي عَمَّا وَسْوَسَتْ أَوْ حَدَّثَتْ بِهِ أَنْفُسَهَا، مَا لَمْ تَعْمَلْ بِهِ أَوْ تَكَلَّمْ ”
[6] Surah An-Nazi’at 24:
{فَقَالَ أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلَىٰ}
Surah An-Nahl 106:
{مَن كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ مِن بَعْدِ إِيمَانِهِ إِلَّا مَنْ أُكْرِهَ وَقَلْبُهُ مُطْمَئِنٌّ بِالْإِيمَانِ وَلَٰكِن مَّن شَرَحَ بِالْكُفْرِ صَدْرًا فَعَلَيْهِمْ غَضَبٌ مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ}
Mustadrak Al-Hakim 3362:
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ حَمْدَانَ الْجَلَّابُ، بِهَمْدَانَ، ثنا هِلَالُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ الرَّقِّيُّ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الرَّقِّيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: أَخَذَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ عَمَّارَ بْنَ يَاسِرٍ فَلَمْ يَتْرُكُوهُ حَتَّى سَبَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَذَكَرَ آلِهَتَهُمْ بِخَيْرٍ ثُمَّ تَرَكُوهُ، فَلَمَّا أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَا وَرَاءَكَ؟» قَالَ: شَرٌّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، مَا تُرِكْتُ حَتَّى نِلْتُ مِنْكَ، وَذَكَرْتُ آلِهَتَهُمْ بِخَيْرٍ قَالَ: «كَيْفَ تَجِدُ قَلْبَكَ؟» قَالَ: مُطْمَئِنٌّ بِالْإِيمَانِ قَالَ: «إِنْ عَادُوا فَعُدْ»
[7] Raddul Muhtar, vol. 2, pg. 76, Darul Fikr:
مُقْتَضَى كَوْنِ حَبْطِ الْعَمَلِ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ جَزَاءَ الرِّدَّةِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَمُتْ عَلَيْهَا عِنْدَنَا أَنَّهُ لَوْ أَسْلَمَ لَا تَعُودُ حَسَنَاتُهُ وَإِلَّا كَانَ جَزَاءً لَهَا وَلِلْمَوْتِ عَلَيْهَا مَعًا
And only Allah knows best.
Written by Maulana Yusuf Badshah
Checked and approved by Mufti Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham