Fatwa ID: 06758

Answered by: Maulana Abdul Malik

Question:

Is fidya/kaffara for missed roza/salaat compulsory?

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Answer:

If someone misses a salah or fast after it has been made obligatory, they must perform Qada (make up for the lost salah or fast). (Al Fatawa al Hindiyyah, pg 134, vol 1)[1]

Kaffārah becomes compulsory when an individual breaks their fast in Ramadan by having intercourse or eating and drinking without any valid reason in the Shariah. (Al lubaab fi sharh al Kitab, pg 383, vol 2)[3]

With regards to Fidya, in the event that a person is very old and too weak to fast, or if they are suffering from a chronic illness from which there is no possibility of recovery. This person is required to make fidya (compensation) for every day’s missed fast during the month of Ramadan. (Raddul Muhtar, pg 410, vol 3)[3]

Therefore, A person must perform Qada for any missed prayers and fasts as long as they are able to in the event that they were missed after becoming obligatory. Only in cases where a person’s ongoing illness prevents them from making up for a missed fast will fidya be permitted. Only when intentionally breaking a fast during Ramadan will Kaffārah become obligatory.

[1] كل صلاة فاتت عن الوقت بعد وجوبها فيه يلزمه قضاؤها سواء ترك عمدا أو سهوا أو بسبب نوم

[2] (و من جامع) آدميا حيا (عامدا في أحد السبيلين)، أنزل أو لا، (أو أكل، أو شرب ما يتغدى به، أو يتداوى به: فعليه القضاء، والكافرة

[3] و للشيخ الفاني العاجز عن الصوم الفطر ويفدي وجوبا) لأن عذره ليس بعرضي بزوال حتى يصير إلى القضاء فوجبت الفدية.

Only Allah (عز و جل) knows best.

Written by Maulana Abdul Malik

Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah

Darul Ifta Birmingham