Fatwa ID: 05569
Answered by: Maulana Syed Johir Miah
Question:
I’m wondering whether it is acceptable to use (RAA) and (ALS) etc. after mentioning the Prophet (saw) or his companion’s names etc, in the exam? Or is it needed to write the whole thing?
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
The scholars of the pious predecessors preferred that sending blessings and salutations should be made specific to the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم).
It is also related that blessings and salutations are specific to all the Prophets(عليهم السلام).[1]
As for sending blessings and peace upon the absent one, it is restricted to the Prophet Muhammad(صلى الله عليه وسلم) and to the Prophets (عليهم السلام) and the angels.
For Allah (عز و جل)said:
سَلامٌ عَلى نُوحٍ فِي العالَمِينَ
Peace be upon Nuh(عليه السلام)among all the nations. (Surah Saffaat, Verse 79).
سَلامٌ عَلى إلْ ياسِينَ
Peace be upon Il-Yasin(عليه السلام) (Surah Saffaat, Verse 130).
سَلامٌ عَلى مُوسى وهارُونَ
Peace be upon Musa(عليه السلام) and Harun(عليه السلام) (Surah Saffaat, Verse 120).
سَلامٌ عَلى إبْراهِيمَ
Peace be upon Ibrahim(عليه السلام) (Surah Saffaat, Verse 109).[2]
Allah (سبحانه و تعالى) says in the Quran:
إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا ﴿٥٦﴾
Indeed Allah and His angels bless the Prophet; O you who have faith! Invoke blessings on him and invoke Peace upon him in a worthy manner.
(Surah Ahzab, Verse 56).
It is mustahabb to say الترضّي (Taradee) and والترحّم Tarahhum) upon the Companions and their followers and those after them of the scholars, worshipers and other good people. So, Taradee is to say: رَضِىَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ(May Allah be pleased with him)and Tarahhum is to sayرحمه الله(may Allah have mercy on him) and so on.
As for what some scholars said: Saying رضى الله عنهis specific to the Companions, and it is said about others رحمه اللهMay Allah have mercy on him only.
As for writing Taradee, the writing of the Scholars approve on behalf of the companions and the successors, and other good people should be preserved.
One should not get tired of its repetition, and he who neglects it is deprived of a great fortune, and if the narration comes with Taradee, then the attention to it is more intense.[3]
Hence, in the aforementioned, it would be permissible to concise the Salam after the name of the Prophets and Taradee after the name of the Sahaba in the exams due to lack of time and due to necessity.[4]
However, would be best to write it in full out of respect.
Only Allah knows best.
Written by Maulana Syed Johir Miah
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
[1]وقَدِ اسْتَحْسَنَ أيِمَّةُ السَّلَفِ أنْ يُجْعَلَ الدُّعاءُ بِالصَّلاةِ مَخْصُوصًا بِالنَّبِيءِ ﷺ. وعَنْ مالِكٍ: لا يُصَلّى عَلى غَيْرِ نَبِيئِنا مِنَ الأنْبِياءِ. يُرِيدُ أنَّ تِلْكَ هِيَ السُّنَّةُ، ورُوِيَ مِثْلُهُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ، ورُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ العَزِيزِ: أنَّ الصَّلاةَ خاصَّةٌ بِالنَّبِيئِينَ كُلِّهِمْ.
At-Tahreer Wat-Tanweer, Ibn Aashoor, 103/22, Ad-DarutTunusiyyah, Tunisia, 1994.
[2]وأمّا التَّسْلِيمُ فِي الغَيْبَةِ فَمَقْصُورٌ عَلَيْهِ وعَلى الأنْبِياءِ والمَلائِكَةِ لا يُشْرِكُهُمْ فِيهِ غَيْرُهُمْ مِن عِبادِ اللَّهِ الصّالِحِينَ لِقَوْلِهِ تَعالى: سَلامٌ عَلى نُوحٍ فِي العالَمِينَ [الصافات ٧٩]، وقَوْلِهِ:سَلامٌ عَلى إلْ ياسِينَ [الصافات ١٣٠]، سَلامٌ عَلى مُوسى وهارُونَ [الصافات ١٢٠]، سَلامٌ عَلى إبْراهِيمَ [الصافات ١٠٩].
وأنَّهُ يَجُوزُ إتْباعُ آلِهِمْ وأصْحابِهِمْ وصالِحِي المُؤْمِنِينِ إيّاهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ دُونَ اسْتِقْلالٍIbid .
[3]المُحافَظَةُ عَلى كِتابَةِ التَّرَضِّي: يَنْبَغِي أنْ يُحافَظَ عَلى كِتابَةِ التَّرَضِّي عَنِ الصَّحابَةِ والتّابِعِينَ مِنَ العُلَماءِ وسائِرِ الأْخْيارِ، ولاَ يَسْأمُ مِن تَكْرارِهِ، ومَن أغْفَلَهُ حُرِمَ حَظًّا عَظِيمًا، وإذا جاءَتِ الرِّوايَةُ بِالتَّرَضِّي كانَتِ العِنايَةُ بِهِ أشَدَّ
Al-MawsooatulFiqhiyyatulKuwaitiyyah, 197/11, Panel of Scholars, DarusSalasil, Kuwait/ Darus Safwa, Egypt. 1404 H.
[4]الضرورات تقدر بِقَدرِها
Necessities will be limited according to its needs, Al-QawaidulFiqhiyyah, Abdullah Bin Juday, Page 44.
Al-Manthoor Fil QawaidilFiqhiyyah, Imam Zarakshi, 89/1, WizaratulAwqaf, Kuwait, 1405 H.Al-Ashbaah Wan-Nazair, 73/1, Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, 1419 H.
