Fatwa ID: 08827
Answered by: Mufti Muhammad Altaf Hossen
Question:
There was some articles or fatwas shared some time ago about mass qurbanis done by organisations and what’s wrong and what’s the correct way to do it.
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
There was some articles or fatwas shared some time ago about mass qurbanis done by organisations. There are some wrong and the correct way to do it.
Wrong ways:
- Lack of Proper Intention (Niyyah):Alauddin Al- Samarqand (RH) said in his book Tuhfatul Fuqaahau. (1) The intention of the person offering the Qurbani is essential. If the organization does not specify the name of the person on whose behalf the Qurbani is being performed, it risks invalidating the sacrifice.
وَأما شَرَائِط الْأَدَاء وَكَيْفِيَّة الْقَضَاء فَمِنْهَا وَقت الْفجْر فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَصح التَّضْحِيَة إِلَّا فِي أَيَّام النَّحْر وَلَو ذهب الْوَقْت تسْقط التَّضْحِيَة
As for the conditions of performance and the manner of making up (Qada), one of them is the time of Fajr. Verily, the sacrifice (Udhiyah) is not valid except during the days of Nahr (sacrifice), and if the time passes, the obligation of Udhiyah is dropped.”
But the many organizations do not follow that rule.
2. Unclear Ownership of the Animal:
In Hanafi Fiqh, it is necessary that the person or group doing Qurbani must own the animal at the time of slaughter. Many organizations only collect money without transferring ownership, which can render the Qurbani invalid.
3. Improper Division of Shares:
A single cow or camel allows up to seven shares for Qurbani. However, organizations sometimes mismanage the shares, exceeding the limit or not defining shares clearly. This is explicitly mentioned in quran and sunnah , and fiqah (2).
٢٨ لِيَشْهَدُوا مَنَافِعَ لَهُمْ وَيَذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَعْلُومَاتٍ عَلَىٰ مَا رَزَقَهُمْ مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ الْأَنْعَامِ ۖ فَكُلُوا مِنْهَا وَأَطْعِمُوا الْبَائِسَ الْفَقِيرَ
4.Timing of Slaughter:
Qurbani must be done after the Eid Salah, not before. In cases where organizations are managing multiple slaughters, sometimes it is done prior to Eid Salah in different time zones, which is impermissible.
5. Absence of Proper Tasmiyah (Mentioning Allah’s Name):
The person conducting the slaughter must say ‘Bismillah Allahu Akbar’ during slaughter. If done in a mass process, this is sometimes neglected, as noted in Sura An-am 119,- 121 Ayats.
The Correct Method According to Islamic shariah
- Clear Niyyah and Ownership:
The organization should specify whose Qurbani is being performed and ensure the donor’s name is associated with the animal. This guarantees proper intention.
2. Accurate Division of Shares:
If a cow or camel is being shared, the shares must be clear and not exceed seven. Each share should represent a distinct person’s Qurbani with proper documentation.
3. Proper Bismillah and Slaughtering Method:
The person or the appointed representative must recite Bismillah Allahu Akbar before each slaughter. If it is delegated, the representative must be trustworthy and perform it correctly.
4. Timing Compliance:
Slaughter should only begin after the Eid Salah in the location where the Qurbani is being carried out. This is crucial for validity.
Mass Qurbani is a great service but must adhere to the strict guidelines of Hanafi jurisprudence to be valid. Clear intention, ownership, proper division of shares, correct timing, and Tasmiyah are critical for it to be accepted. Organizations facilitating mass Qurbani must be vigilant to maintain the standards set forth by Shariah.
References:
(1)
The book: الكتاب: تحفة الفقهاء
وهي أصل: «بدائع الصنائع» للكاساني.
ا
Volume: 03
Topic: كتاب الأضحية
The name of the writer: لف: علاء الدين السمرقندي
Volume :03 Page 83 Maktab Shamila
(2) Surah Hajj, 28
Only Allah (عز و جل) knows best.
Written by Mufti Muhammad Altaf Hossen
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
