Fatwa ID: 08843
Answered by: Maulana Sakib Shadman
Question:
A latecomer joins the prayer while the Imam is in the first tashahhud or in the last tashahhud. By the time the latecomer goes down, the Imam either rises from the first tashahhud, or says the first salam.
- Does the latecomer still go down to perform his first tashahhud or final tashahhud?
- If the latecomer catches the Imam, even momentarily, in the first tashahhud or last tashahhud, does he complete his own tashahhud?
- If the latecomer is to complete his own *first* tashahhud (in both cases above), then wouldn’t he be continuously lagging behind the Imam?
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
- If the Imam starts to rise from first Tashahhud before you are able to make your first Takbeer and sit down for Tashahhud, then you should rise back up with him.
The last point in which a latecomer can join the Salat is when he has enough time to perform his first Takbeer and be fully sitting in Tashahhud (even for a moment) before the Imam makes his first Salam.
- If the latecomer catches the Tashahhud for even a moment, he should complete his Tashahhud and then rise for the 3rd Rakat, even if the Imam rises for the 3rd Rakat as he starts the Tashahhud. In the case of the final sitting, if the Imam gives Salams before the latecomer finishes reciting Tashahhud, he should complete his Tashahhud and then rise for his missed Rakats.
- That latecomer will not lag behind for the rest of the prayer. This is because according to the Hanafi Madhab, the Muqtadi does not recite anything behind the Imam during Qiyaam (standing position). So if he joins Qiyam late, he simply stays quiet until the Imam goes into Ruku, and then the Muqtadi follows the Imam into Ruku, just as he would do if he joins the Qiyam on time.
References:
(الْفَصْلُ السَّادِسُ فِيمَا يُتَابِعُ الْإِمَامَ وَفِيمَا لَا يُتَابِعُهُ) إذَا أَدْرَكَ الْإِمَامَ فِي التَّشَهُّدِ وَقَامَ الْإِمَامُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُتِمَّ الْمُقْتَدِي أَوْ سَلَّمَ الْإِمَامُ فِي آخِرِ الصَّلَاةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُتِمَّ الْمُقْتَدِي التَّشَهُّدَ فَالْمُخْتَارُ أَنْ يُتِمَّ التَّشَهُّدَ. كَذَا فِي الْغِيَاثِيَّةِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُتِمَّ أَجْزَأَهُ.
ص90 – كتاب الفتاوى العالمكيرية الفتاوى الهندية – الفصل السادس فيما يتابع الإمام وفيما لا يتابعه – المكتبة الشاملة
عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: «إذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمْ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فَحَسْبُهُ قِرَاءَةُ الْإِمَامِ، وَإِذْ صَلَّى وَحْدَهُ فَلْيَقْرَأْ» قَالَ: وَكَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ ﵁ لَا يَقْرَأُ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ، وَرَوَاهُ عَنْهُ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ مَرْفُوعًا وَقَالَ: رَفْعُهُ وَهْمٌ، لَكِنْ إذَا صَحَّ عَنْهُ ذَلِكَ فَالظَّاهِرُ أَنَّهُ لِسَمَاعِهِ مِنْهُ ﷺ فَيَكُونُ رَفْعُهُ صَحِيحًا وَإِنْ كَانَ رَاوِيهِ ضَعِيفًا.
ص340 – كتاب فتح القدير للكمال بن الهمام ط الحلبي – فصل في القراءة – المكتبة الشاملة
– إذا قام الإمام إلى الثالثة قبل أن ينتهي المقتدي من التشهد الأول أتمّه ثم يتابع الإمام لإمكان المتابعة.
ص110 – كتاب فقه العبادات على المذهب الحنفي – الباب السابع صلاة الجماعة – المكتبة الشاملة
وفرضيته: القعدة الأخيرة بقوله عليه السلام “إذا رفعت رأسك من القعدة الأخيرة وقعدت قدر التشهد فقد تمت صلاتك”.
ص101 – كتاب منحة السلوك في شرح تحفة الملوك – فصل – المكتبة الشاملة
Only Allah (عز و جل) knows best.
Written by Maulana Sakib Shadman
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
