{"id":24230,"date":"2022-07-13T10:29:13","date_gmt":"2022-07-13T10:29:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/daruliftabirmingham.co.uk\/home\/?p=24230"},"modified":"2022-07-13T10:29:13","modified_gmt":"2022-07-13T10:29:13","slug":"is-organ-donation-permissible","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/daruliftabirmingham.co.uk\/home\/is-organ-donation-permissible\/","title":{"rendered":"Is Organ Donation Permissible"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fatwa ID: 06195<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Answered by: Maulana Syed Johir Miah<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Question:<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Is organ donation permissible? Is there a difference between if a person is alive and donates their organ for egg kidney etc. and what about when a person has passed away and wants to donate their organ, is this permissible?<\/span><\/p>\n

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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

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Answer:<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

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The Ulama have debated and written on the subject of organ transplant at great length.<\/span><\/p>\n

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As this is a contemporary issue the views of the scholars are based upon the general guidelines and principles of Shariah. Therefore there are respected differences of opinions on the subject.<\/span><\/p>\n

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The Ulama have differed in regards to the ruling of organ transplantation. Some have deemed it impermissible due to the sanctity of the human body and the pain involved in removing organs. 1<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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Since the Ulama have differed in regards to the ruling of organ transplantation, there are two views with regard to the permissibility or impermissibility of organ transplants.<\/span><\/p>\n

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One view is that it is not permissible to donate one’s organs or to have an organ transplant.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Another view is that it is permissible to donate one’s organs or to have an organ transplant.<\/span><\/p>\n

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One opinion with regards to organ transplant is that it is permissible (halal) and that is subject to conditions, due to the sacredness of the human body and the discomfort involved in removing organs.<\/span><\/p>\n

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This group of Ulama say that the modern-day procedure of organ transplant is not regarded as dismemberment and violation of the honour and sanctity of the human body.<\/span><\/p>\n

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They claim that the process is carried out with a dignified and respectable approach.<\/span><\/p>\n

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They say that there are situations where Shariah allows the honour and sanctity of the human body to be overlooked due to necessity.<\/span><\/p>\n

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For instance, if a pregnant woman died and the child was still alive, then a caesarean will be allowed to save the child.<\/span><\/p>\n

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It is a well-established principle of Shariah that<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u062e\u0652\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0652\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 The lesser of two evils will be chosen. 2<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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If one is confronted with two evils (prohibited acts), then one should choose the lesser of the two (due to necessity).<\/span><\/p>\n

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In order to save human life in desperate situations, items or actions that were unlawful under normal circumstances become lawful in Islam. Therefore this group of scholars are of the view that it will be permissible to transplant organs when there is\u00a0no alternative\u00a0available apart from the human organ and there is a definite fear of a loss of life.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Equally, when a healthy person on the advice of a doctor confirms that the removal of one organ (which is not vital for survival) will not put the donor at risk, then in this situation it will be allowed to donate that organ. However, it is haram to sell the organ.<\/span><\/p>\n

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They look at a number of things, such as;<\/span><\/p>\n

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Allah (\u0639\u0632 \u0648 \u062c\u0644) has permitted taking medication, And He made for every disease a medicine. If there is something forbidden in that medicine, and you know the cure for it is in it, then the prohibition of its use has stopped, because the Almighty did not make your cure in that which was forbidden to you. 3<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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It is permissible for a sick person to drink blood and urine and eat dead meat for treatment if a Muslim doctor tells him that his recovery is in it, and he does not find permissible things to take instead of it. 4<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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They also have stated that it is permissible to take an organ from a living individual and place it in another individual who is in need of the organ to save his\/her life or to bring into use a limb which is from the necessary limbs of a human.<\/span><\/p>\n

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However, the following conditions must be met:<\/span><\/p>\n

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Organ donation will be allowed if the following conditions are met;<\/span><\/p>\n

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(1) If there is no disrespect in the new procedure of the operation.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(2) The purpose is to save a patient\u2019s life or to restore an important bodily function.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(3) A skilled doctor has informed you that there is a high chance of gaining health through this procedure.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(4) The limbs of a non-Muslim can be put in a Muslim body.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(5) If the donating person is dead, then along with his consent the consent of his heirs is also necessary.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(6) If the donating person is alive, then his consent is necessary, and also this procedure should not inflict severe harm to him. 5<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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If any ill person reaches a stage where a specific organ becomes unusable(to such an extent that if an organ from another human being is not replaced, then there is an immediate danger of loss of life, then in this dire need a human organ transplant will be permissible.<\/span><\/p>\n

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When a perfectly healthy person on the advice of an expert physician confirms that the removal of one kidney will not harm nor cause ill-health whatsoever, then it will be permissible with the condition that the kidney is donated and not sold.<\/span><\/p>\n

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The second opinion is that it is not permissible to donate one’s organs or to have an organ transplant.<\/span><\/p>\n

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This group of Ulama state that the usage of human organs is not permissible because of the nobility and respect of the human body.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Sayyidatuna Aisha (\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627) narrated that the Messenger (\u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645) of Allah (\u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649) has said that;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0631\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0638\u0652\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u064a\u0651\u0650\u062a\u0650 \u0643\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u062d\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

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The breaking of the bone of a dead person is equal to the breaking of the bone of a living person.6<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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As for seeking a cure with a haram substance, it is not permissible to seek treatment in a forbidden person if he does not know that there is a cure for it.7<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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It is not permissible to sell carrion and blood due to lack of money, which is the cornerstone of the sale. They do not count anyone’s money, and it is from falsehood.8<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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The use of human parts is not permissible. It was said due to its impurity, and it was said due to its honour and this is the correct view.9<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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Therefore, it is not permissible to donate organs or to have organ transplants.<\/span><\/p>\n

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However, in cases of extreme need and necessity where the life of a person is threatened, certain propitiations and restrictions are relinquished.<\/span><\/p>\n

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There is a famous principle of Fiqh which states:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u201cNecessity makes prohibition lawful.\u201d10<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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It is from the above principle that jurists have said forbidden things become permissible when there is a desperate need.<\/span><\/p>\n

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In particular, in the medical field techniques have been refined and the human body is treated with much respect.\u00a0 Additionally, it is not considered disrespectful or against human sanctity to carry out organ transplants.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Allah (\u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649) says:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0646\u0650 \u062a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0648\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064d \ufd3f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0664\ufd3e<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe have indeed created man in the best of moulds\u201d\u00a0(Surah Tin, Verse 4)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0643\u064e\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0628\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0622\u062f\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0648\u064e\u062d\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0631\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u0645 \u0645\u0651\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0636\u0651\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0651\u0650\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0636\u0650\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \ufd3f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0667\u0660\ufd3e and<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>\u201cverily we have bestowed the progeny of Adam specific\u00a0honour\u00a0and\u00a0sanctity.\u201d\u00a0(Surah Isra, Verse 70).<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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However, to place another human being in that category and use them for benefit by performing an organ transplant, is against the honour and sanctity of mankind.<\/span><\/p>\n

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It is not permissible to sell or use human hair, just as it is prohibited to derive benefit out of it, because the human hair is honoured and it is not vulgar, so it is not permissible for any of its parts to be insulted and mistreated.11<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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Another reason that is considered by the Ulama who are of the opinion that organ transplant is not permissible is that the transplant process causes\u00a0mutilation\u00a0of the human body.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Allah (\u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649) records the words of Satan in the Quran when he said:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064e\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0636\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u0622\u0645\u064f\u0631\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0628\u064e\u062a\u0651\u0650\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0622\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u0622\u0645\u064f\u0631\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064f\u063a\u064e\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0631\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e \u062e\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u064a\u064e\u062a\u0651\u064e\u062e\u0650\u0630\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0651\u0650\u0646 \u062f\u064f\u0648\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u0633\u0650\u0631\u064e \u062e\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0651\u064f\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \ufd3f\u0661\u0661\u0669\ufd3e<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u201cI will mislead them and I will order them to slit the ears of cattle, and to deface the (fair) nature created by Allah.\u201d\u00a0(Surah Nisa, Verse 119)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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The above verse is referring to mutilation which is prohibited in Islam.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Sayyiduna Abdullah Bin Yazeed Al-Ansari ( \u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647 ) said that:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u0646\u064e\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064f \ufdfa \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064f\u0647\u0652\u0628\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629\u0650\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

The Prophet (\u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645) forbade robbery (taking away what belongs to others without their permission), and also forbade mutilation of bodies.\u201d14<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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However, in order to save human life (in desperate situations), items or actions that were unlawful (under normal circumstances) become lawful in Islam.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Allah (\u0639\u0632 \u0648 \u062c\u0644) has stated in the Quran:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u0643\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u0645\u0650\u0646 \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u0650 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u0627\u0651\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u0643\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0647\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0626\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064c \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0646 \u0645\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0634\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062d\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0631\u0650 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u063a\u064e\u0636\u064e\u0628\u064c \u0645\u0651\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0639\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064c \u0639\u064e\u0638\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064c \ufd3f\u0661\u0660\u0666\ufd3e<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAnyone who disbelieves in Allah after establishing his belief excepting him who has been compelled but his heart is content with faith. (<\/em>Surah Nahl, Verse 106).<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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In another verse, Allah (\u0639\u0632 \u0648 \u062c\u0644) says in regards to using prohibited items by a person dying of hunger:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u0636\u0652\u0637\u064f\u0631\u0651\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0645\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0629\u064d \u063a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064e \u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u0641\u064d \u0644\u0651\u0650\u0625\u0650\u062b\u0652\u0645\u064d \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0647\u064e \u063a\u064e\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064c \u0631\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064c \ufd3f\u0663\ufd3e<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBut whosoever is forced by hunger (to eat any of the forbidden things), not inclining willfully to sin, surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. (<\/em>Surah Maidah 3)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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From the above verses it is clear that unlawful things under extreme and desperate situations become lawful, however, even in those situations using human body parts remains prohibited (i.e. haram). \u201cIf a person feared death due to hunger and another person said to him: \u201cCut off my hand and consume it\u201d or he said: \u201cCut a part of me and eat it\u201d, it will be unlawful (i.e. haram) for him to do so.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Similarly, \u00a0the one in dire need who does not find any deceased (to consume) and feared death, so a man said to him, Cut off my hands and eat them or he said, \u201ccut a piece of me, and eat it, it is not able to do that. It is not correct to order him to do so, just as it is not permissible for the one who is compelled to cut a piece of himself, and then eat it.\u201d 15<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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Some Ulama is of the opinion that organ transplant is unlawful.<\/span><\/p>\n

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They further state the principle, that<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0636\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0650\u0639\u064f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0636\u0650\u064a \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u064a\u064f\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0650\u0639\u064f <\/em>“<\/span><\/p>\n

When proof of prohibition clashes with the proof of permissibility then preference is given to prohibition. 16<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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Their conclusion is that if a person is in a life-threatening situation it will be permissible for him to have an organ transplant.<\/span><\/p>\n

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In summary, the scholars have said that if there is a dire need and there is no violation of the sanctity and dignity of another human (e.g. people selling their organs etc), then there may be the possibility of permitting it.<\/span><\/p>\n

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However, this would be case-by-case permissibility and each case should be consulted with a mufti to get approval.<\/span><\/p>\n

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If one is faced with a particular issue, then that will be analysed and the ruling will be issued accordingly, which may be different from the general ruling of prohibition.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Only Allah knows best.<\/span><\/p>\n

Written by Maulana Syed Johir Miah<\/span><\/p>\n

Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah<\/span><\/p>\n

Darul Ifta Birmingham<\/span><\/p>\n

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1 Jadeed Fiqhi Masail, Page 55-59\/5, Zamzam Publishers.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fatwa Mahmudiyyah, 336\/18, Darul Ifta, Jamiah Faruqiyyah, Karachi, Pakistan.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2 Al-Qawaidul Fiqhiyyah, Abdullah Bin Juday, Page 44.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Manthoor Fil Qawaidil Fiqhiyyah, Imam Zarakshi, \/, Wizaratul Awqaf, Kuwait, 1405 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Ashbaah Wan-Nazair, 73\/1, Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, 1419 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0650\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\u0626\u0650\u0630\u064d: \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e \u062a\u064e\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0630\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0650\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u062f\u0627\u0621\u064d \u062f\u064e\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b\u060c \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0650 \u0634\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0621\u064c \u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064c \u0648\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0627\u0621\u064e\u060c \u0641\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u062d\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0633\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0644\u0650\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u062a\u064e\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0652 \u0634\u0650\u0641\u0627\u0621\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u064f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0645\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652<\/span><\/p>\n

Raddul Muhtar, Ibn Abidin, 246\/3, Darul Fikr, Beirut, Lebanon, 1412 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/span><\/p>\n

Fatawaa Alamghiri, 355\/5, Darul Fikr, Beirut. Second Edition, 1310 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0650\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\u0626\u0650\u0630\u064d: \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e \u062a\u064e\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0630\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0650\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u062f\u0627\u0621\u064d \u062f\u064e\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b\u060c \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0650 \u0634\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0621\u064c \u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064c \u0648\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0627\u0621\u064e\u060c \u0641\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u062d\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0633\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0644\u0650\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u062a\u064e\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0652 \u0634\u0650\u0641\u0627\u0621\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u064f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0645\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652<\/span><\/p>\n

Raddul Muhtar, Ibn Abidin, 246\/3, Darul Fikr, Beirut, Lebanon, 1412 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645 ( \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u062e ) \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0633\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 : \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u062c\u0644 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0643 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0626\u0630 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627 \u0647\u0640<\/span><\/p>\n

Raddul Muhtar, Ibn Abidin, 228\/5, Darul Fikr, Beirut, Lebanon, 1412 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

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5 Jadeed Fiqhi Masail, Page 55-59\/5, Zamzam Publishers.<\/span><\/p>\n

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6 Sunan Abu Dawud, Hadith 3207, 212\/3, Al-Maktabatul Asriyyah, Beirut, Lebanon.Sunan Ibn Majah, Hadith 1616, 516\/1, Dar Ar-Risalatil Alamiyyah, 1430 H.Sunan Dar Qutni, Hadith 3415, 252\/4, Muassasatur Risalah, Beirut, Lebanon, 1424 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0631\u064e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0623\u0628\u064f\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u064f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0652\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u064e\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0635\u064e\u062d\u0650\u064a\u062d\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u064e\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u00ab\u0635\u064e\u062d\u0650\u064a\u062d\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khulasatul Ahkam, An-Nawawi, 1035\/2, Beirut, Lebanon, 1418 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

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7 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0647<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Muheetul Burhanee, Ibn Mazah, 373\/5, Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah. 1424 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

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8 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Bahrur Raaiq, Ibn Nujaim, 76\/6, Darul Kutub Al-Islami.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fatwa Mahmudiyyah, 328-9\/18, Darul Ifta, Jamiah Faruqiyyah, Karachi, Pakistan.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

9\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0627\u0646\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0623\u062c\u0652\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0650 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062c\u064f\u0632\u0652 \u0642\u0650\u064a\u0644\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062c\u0627\u0633\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0648\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0644\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0643\u064e\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0650\u064a\u062d\u064f \u0643\u064e\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u062c\u064e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0652\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0650<\/span><\/p>\n

Fatawaa Alamghiri, 354\/5, Darul Fikr, Beirut. Second Edition, 1310 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

10 Al-Qawaidul Fiqhiyyah, Abdullah Bin Juday, Page 43. Al-Manthoor Fil Qawaidil Fiqhiyyah, Imam Zarakshi, 89\/1, Wizaratul Awqaf, Kuwait, 1405 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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11 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0630\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0630\u0644\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Binayah, Aynee, 166\/8, Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah 2000.<\/span><\/p>\n

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12 Sahih Muslim, Hadith 2122, 1676\/3, Dar Ihyat Turath, Beirut, Lebanon. 1412 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

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13 Sharhun Nawawi Ala Muslim, 103\/14, Dar Ihyath Turath, Beirut, Lebanon. 1392 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

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14 Sahih Bukhari, Hadith Number 2474, 135\/3, Dar Tuqin Najah, First edition 2001. 1422 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

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15 \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0631\u0651\u064c \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062c\u0650\u062f\u0652 \u0645\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0641\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064e\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0631\u064e\u062c\u064f\u0644\u064c \u0627\u0642\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0639\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e \u0648\u0643\u064f\u0644\u0652\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0652 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0642\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0639\u0652 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0642\u0650\u0637\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0643\u064f\u0644\u0652\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0639\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0635\u0650\u062d\u0651\u064f \u0623\u0645\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0643\u064e\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0639\u064f \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0650 \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0642\u0650\u0637\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0650\u0646 \u0646\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0633\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0623\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0644\u064e\u060c \u0643\u064e\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0641\u064e\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u0650\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0652.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fatawaa Alamghiri, 338\/5, Darul Fikr, Beirut. Second Edition, 1310 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

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16 Al-Ashbaah Wan-Nazair, Ibnu Nujaim, 100\/1, Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, 1419 H.<\/span><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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