Hanafi Position on Performing Four Rakʿahs Before and After ʿIshāʾ With One Taslīm

CategoriesSalaah [1,055]

Fatwa ID: 08688

 

 

Answered by: Alimah Humairah Badshah

 

Question:

 

When we offer four rakaats before the Asr Hanafi scholars say that it is preferable to recite it as four units with one taslim. I saw a hadith from ‘Ali which confirmed this manner. But why is it preferable offering four rakaats before ‘Isha with one taslim ?  Are there any evidences for offering four rakaats with one taslim? Can I offer this prayer in pairs ?

 

 

After the Isha four rakaats instead of two with one taslim because I read that `Abdullah ibn Mas`ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Whoever prays four rak`ahs after `Isha’, not separating them with a taslim, they will be equivalent (in virtue) to four like them on Laylat Al-Qadr. This was narrated by Ibn Abu Shaybah in Al-Musannaf (2/127).

 

Can I follow this hadith of offering four rakaats instead of two sunnah muakkadah regularly?

 

 

 

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer:

 

Concerning the four rakaats before ‘Isha, if you have a background in the Hadith sciences you may be interested in The Four Rak’ats Before The Isha Prayer: An Assessment Of Its Legitimacy by Shaykh Dr. Abul Hasan Hussain Ahmed, which explores the various narrations regarding these rakaats.

 

 

The scholars have recommended either two or four rakaats with one taslim, due to various narration from sahabah and also due to the hadith in Bukhari where the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “There is a prayer between the two Adhans (Adhan and Iqama), there is a prayer between the two Adhans.” And then while saying it the third time he added, “For the one who wants to (pray)”. Four rakaats have also been explained through making a connection with the four before Zhuhr, which is similar to ‘Isha.1

 

 

As for after the fardh of ‘Isha, the scholars have mentioned that one can also offer two or four rakaats. We take into consideration various narrations to determine how many rakaats one should perform and whether they are sunnah or simply recommended.

 

 

One narration can be found in Sunan Abu Dawood which states that A’ishah (ra) said: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) never offered the night prayer and thereafter came to me except that he offered four or six rak’ahs of prayer.” [ie: he always performed four or six rakaats of prayer after the fardh of ‘Isha].

 

 

Another narration in Bukhari mentions two rakaats after ‘Isha. From these narrations and others, many scholars have come to the conclusion that there are two sunnah rakaats after ‘Isha, followed by either two or four nafl rakaats. If you wish to follow the narration in the Musannaf of Ibn Abu Shaybah which you mentioned, it would be best for you to read four nafl rakaats after the two sunnah rakaats of ‘Isha rather than extending the sunnah rakaats.2

 

 

 

 

References:

 

(وَيُسْتَحَبُّ أَرْبَعٌ قَبْلَ الْعَصْرِ، وَقَبْلَ الْعِشَاءِ وَبَعْدَهَا بِتَسْلِيمَةٍ)

وَإِنْ شَاءَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ

Radd Al-Muhtaar (Halabi ed., Daar Al-Fitr, https://shamela.ws) v.2 p.13

 

(قَوْلُهُ وَأَمَّا مَا قَبْلَ الْعِشَاءِ فَمَنْدُوبٌ)

Radd Al-Muhtaar (Halabi ed., Daar Al-Fitr, https://shamela.ws) v.2 p.59

 

وَأَمَّا الْأَرْبَعُ قَبْلَ الْعِشَاءِ فَذَكَرُوا فِي بَيَانِهِ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَثْبُتْ أَنَّ التَّطَوُّعَ بِهَا مِنْ السُّنَنِ الرَّاتِبَةِ فَكَانَ حَسَنًا لِأَنَّ الْعِشَاءَ نَظِيرُ الظُّهْرِ فِي أَنَّهُ يَجُوزُ التَّطَوُّعُ قَبْلَهَا وَبَعْدَهَا

Kitab Al-Bahr Al-Raa’iq (Daar Al-Kutub Al-Islaamiyyah, https://shamela.ws) v.2 p.54

 

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا كَهْمَسُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُغَفَّلٍ، قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ “‏ بَيْنَ كُلِّ أَذَانَيْنِ صَلاَةٌ بَيْنَ كُلِّ أَذَانَيْنِ صَلاَةٌ ـ ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ ـ لِمَنْ شَاءَ ‏”‏‏

Sahih Al-Bukhari (https://sunnah.com) b.10, ch.16, no.24 (627)

 

وَأَمَّا الْأَرْبَعُ بَعْدَهَا فَفِي سُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُد عَنْ شُرَيْحِ بْنِ هَانِئٍ قَالَ سَأَلْت عَائِشَةَ عَنْ صَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – فَقَالَتْ «مَا صَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ قَطُّ فَدَخَلَ بَيْتِي إلَّا صَلَّى فِيهِ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ أَوْ سِتَّ رَكَعَاتٍ» قَالَ فِي فَتْحِ الْقَدِيرِ الَّذِي يَقْتَضِيهِ النَّظَرُ كَوْنَ الْأَرْبَعِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ سُنَّةً لِنَقْلِ الْمُوَاظَبَةِ عَلَيْهَا فِي أَبِي دَاوُد فَإِنَّهُ نَصَّ فِي مُوَاظَبَتِهِ عَلَى الْأَرْبَعِ دُونَ السِّتِّ لِلْمُتَأَمِّلِ اهـ.وَقَدْ يُقَالُ إنَّمَا لَمْ تَكُنْ الْأَرْبَعُ سُنَّةً لِمَا فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْ «ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ صَلَّيْت مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَهَا وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْجُمُعَةِ»

Kitab Al-Bahr Al-Raa’iq (Daar Al-Kutub Al-Islaamiyyah, https://shamela.ws) v.2 p.54

 

مؤكدتان (وأربعاً قبل) صلاة (العشاء) بتسليمة أيضاً (وأربعاً بعدها) بتسليمة أيضاً، وهما مستحبتان أيضاً؛ فإن أراد الأكمل فعلهما (وإن شاء) اقتصر على صلاة (ركعتين) المؤكدتين بعدها، قال في الهداية: والأصل فيه قوله صلى الله عليه وسلم: (من ثابر على ثنتي عشرة ركعة في اليوم والليلة بنى الله له بيتاً في الجنة)

Al-Lubab Fi Sharh Al-Kitaab (Al-Maktaba Al-‘Ilmiyyah Beirut-Lebanon, https://shamela.ws) v.1 p.91

 

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ الْعُكْلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ مِغْوَلٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مُقَاتِلُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ الْعِجْلِيُّ، عَنْ شُرَيْحِ بْنِ هَانِئٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، – رضى الله عنها – قَالَ سَأَلْتُهَا عَنْ صَلاَةِ، رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَتْ مَا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الْعِشَاءَ قَطُّ فَدَخَلَ عَلَىَّ إِلاَّ صَلَّى أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ أَوْ سِتَّ رَكَعَاتٍ وَلَقَدْ مُطِرْنَا مَرَّةً بِاللَّيْلِ فَطَرَحْنَا لَهُ نِطْعًا فَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى ثُقْبٍ فِيهِ يَنْبُعُ الْمَاءُ مِنْهُ وَمَا رَأَيْتُهُ مُتَّقِيًا الأَرْضَ بِشَىْءٍ مِنْ ثِيَابِهِ قَطُّ ‏.‏

Sunan Abu Dawud (https://sunnah.com) b.5 no.54 (1303)

 

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ حَفِظْتُ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَشْرَ رَكَعَاتٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَهَا، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ فِي بَيْتِهِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ فِي بَيْتِهِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ صَلاَةِ الصُّبْحِ، وَكَانَتْ سَاعَةً لاَ يُدْخَلُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِيهَا‏.‏ حَدَّثَتْنِي حَفْصَةُ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا أَذَّنَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ وَطَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ‏.

Sahih Al-Bukhari (https://sunnah.com) b.19, ch.34, no.58 (1180, 1181)

 

 

 

 

Only Allah (عز و جل) knows best.

Written by Alimah Humairah Badshah

Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah

Darul Ifta Birmingham

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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