Fatwa ID: 09318
Answered by Mufti Sakib Shadman
Question:
Assalamualikum so me and my wife have had serious problems gone on and then after I said to her this is your first talak then repeated it 3 times as I thought that is the process and we both are stressed as my family are saying it’s finished and we believe other wise as I made it clear that I said first warning talak I understand it’s no joke and it’s very serious but my intention was clear on one and I said one but I never knew the process hence why I said it 3 times
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
Firstly, it is extremely irresponsible to issue Ṭalāq without knowing the correct process. You should have delayed pronouncing Ṭalāq until you had learnt the proper method from a reliable Islamic scholar.
ʿAbdullāh-Muhaimin bin ʿAbbās bin Sahl bin Saʿd al-Sāʿidī narrated from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“Deliberateness is from Allah, and haste is from Shayṭān.”
[Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2012] [1]
Thus, as Muslims, we must be deliberate and cautious when making life-changing decisions, as haste is from Shayṭān and often leads to regret and incorrect decision-making.
Subsequently, your family is correct that your repeated utterance of the statement, “this is your first Ṭalāq,” counts as three Ṭalāqs.[2, 3] This is because each statement is conclusive and Sarīḥ (explicit), thus constituting an independent pronouncement of divorce, each taking legal effect on its own.
The word “first” is a description/attribute of the Talaq, however this attribute is disregarded for each subsequent statement to take effect, as “giving effect to a statement is preferable to nullifying it.”[6]
Hence, each subsequent statement forms a complete and independent declaration of Ṭalāq. and is not treated as a continuation, emphasis, or explanation of the first, but as separate and additional divorces, resulting in three Ṭalāqs in total.[4, 5]
Thus, your marriage has conclusively terminated, and you must separate from one another immediately. Please educate yourself regarding the rulings of Ṭalāq and avoid uttering such statements in the future when you enter another marriage.
Only Allah ﷻ knows best.
Written by Mufti Sakib Shadman
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
References:
[1]
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ الْمَدَنِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمُهَيْمِنِ بْنُ عَبَّاسِ بْنِ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ السَّاعِدِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم “ الأَنَاةُ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَالْعَجَلَةُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ ” . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ . وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ فِي عَبْدِ الْمُهَيْمِنِ بْنِ عَبَّاسِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ وَضَعَّفَهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ حِفْظِهِ وَالأَشَجُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ اسْمُهُ الْمُنْذِرُ بْنُ عَائِذٍ .
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2012
[2]
فإذا قال لامرأته: أنت طالق (١) الطلاق، فقد أتى بلفظين (يقع بكل واحدٍ منهما تطليقة) (٢)، فكأنه قال: أنت طالق وطالق
ص568 – كتاب شرح مختصر الكرخي – فصل قول الرجل يا مطلقة – المكتبة الشاملة
[3]
ولو قال: عنيت بالأولى طلاقاً ولم ينو بالثاني والثالث شيئاً تقع الثلاث عند علمائنا الثلاثة رحمهم الله؛
ص238 – كتاب المحيط البرهاني – الفصل الخامس في الكنايات هذا الفصل يشتمل على أنواع – المكتبة الشاملة
[4]
وقوله: “أنت طالق، وطالق، وطالق”:الطلاق الثاني ليس بتفسير للأول، ولا هو مجموع إلى الأول في سبب جمعهما، فكان كلاما مستقلًا غير متعلق بالأول، فلم يقف أول الكلام عليه.
ص81 – كتاب شرح مختصر الطحاوي للجصاص – باب صريح الطلاق – المكتبة الشاملة
[5]
أَمَّا فِي قَوْلِهِ: أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ؛ فَلِأَنَّ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَلْفَاظِ الثَّلَاثَةِ كَلَامٌ تَامٌّ؛ لِأَنَّهُ مُبْتَدَأٌ وَخَبَرٌ، وَكُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا وُجِدَ مُتَفَرِّقًا فَكَانَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا إيقَاعًا مُتَفَرِّقًا فَيَقْتَضِي الْوُقُوعَ مُتَفَرِّقًا
ص137 – كتاب بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع – فصل في شرائط ركن الطلاق وبعضها يرجع إلى المرأة – المكتبة الشاملة
[6]
١٧ – (*) إعمال الكلام أولى من إهماله (الدلالات)
ص450 – كتاب الوجيز في أصول الفقه الإسلامي – ملحق القواعد الأصولية – المكتبة الشاملة