salam i wanted to ask about salat.. i am sum1 who goes college nd by the time i am back i miss my zuhr prayer so it becomes qadha how many rakats do u read when ur namaz is qada can u give me the list of all 5 salats and hww many rakats to perform when they become qadah salam

In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful. 

Answer

There are five obligatory prayers in a day. Each Salah must be offered at or during its proper time.

The Morning Prayer (SALAT-UL-FAJR): It can be performed at any time between the breaking of the dawn till just before sunrise.

The Noon Prayer (SALAT-UL-ZUHR) its time begins after the sun declines from its zenith until the length of the shadow becomes twice your height. (Mithlayn)

The Afternoon Prayer (SALAT-UL-ASR) its time begins soon after the time for Zuhr prayer ends and extends to just before sunset.

The Evening Prayer (SALAT-UL-MAGHRIB): its time begins just after sunset and extends to shafq abyadh when the whiteness in the horizon disappears.

The Night Prayer (SALAT-UL-ISHA) its time begins from the ending of the Maghrib Salah until dawn.

The Fajr prayer consists of two-rakaat sunnat muakkadah and two rakaat Fardh. Saaiduna Abu Hurairah Radiallahu Anhu narrates that the Prophet of Allah Sallallahu Alahi Wasalam said; “Do not leave the two (sunnah) rakaat of Fajr, even if you are being attacked by a cavalry.” (Sunan Abi Dawud p.186 v.1)

The zuhr prayer consists of four-rakaat sunnat muakkadah, four rakaat Fardh, two-rakaat sunnat muakkadah and two rakaats Nafl as time and capacity allows.

1. Saaidah Aaisha Radiallahu Anha narrates that the Prophet of Allah Sallallahu Alahi Wasalam would never leave the four rakaats before the Zuhr Salah and two rakaats before the Fajr Salah.” (Sahih Bukhari p.157 v.1)
2. Saaiduna Ali Radiallahu Anhu narrates that the Prophet of Allah Sallallahu Alahi Wasalam used to read four rakaats before Zuhr and two rakaats after it. (Sunan Tirimizi p.57 v.1)

The Asr Prayer consists of four- rakaat Sunnat Ghair Muakkaadah and four rakaat Fardh.

The Maghrib prayer would be three rakaat Fardh, two rakaat Sunnat Muakadah and two rakaats Nafl as time and capacity allows.

The Isha prayer consists of four rakaats Sunnah Ghair Muakkadah, four rakaat Fardh, two rakaat Sunnat Muakkadah, two rakaats Nafl as time and capacity allows, three rakaats Witr and two rakaats nafl.

With regards to your question, one must read their prayers before their designated time. If one does not, then the prayer will become qadha. For example, if sunrise is at 6am then one has to read it before then, otherwise it will become qadhaa. (Raddul Muhtar p.12- p.18 v.2)

You only do qadha of the fardh of each prayer and not of the sunnah or nafl prayers before or after. However, there are two exceptions.

1. If one has missed his fardh and he is doing qadha of the salah before zawaal of that day then he should also do qadha of the Fajr sunnah along with the fardh. (Fatawa Mahmoodiyah p.54 v.13) If one has read the fardh of Fajr already without reading the sunnah, then there is no qadha of the sunnah afterwards. (Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband p.215 v.4)
2. If one has missed witr salah it is compulsory to do qadha of it. (Raddul Muhtar p.533 v.2)

Only Allah Knows Best

Mohammed Tosir Miah

Darul Ifta Birmingham.