Fatwa ID: 02703
Answered by: Maulana Tahsin Alam
Question:
Asalamualaikum
1)What are the fardh and sunnah and wajib of salah (before and after)?
2)What are other things one should say (eg. Allahummaghfirli between sajdahs)?
3)In the last part of salah, after saying Kalimah Shahadah we pray Durudd Ibrahim and after that Dua taught to Abu Bakr RA by Muhammad (peace be upon him). Can we pray some other dua in Arabic after the aforementioned dua?
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيْم
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Answer:
Walaikumusalam
1) Shurūt (conditions) of ṣalāh:
1. Must be pure from hadath (ritual impurity) from the beginning to the end of Salāh.
2. Body and clothing must be free from najāsah (impurity).
3. Place of ṣalāhis pure.
4. Wearing clothing that covers the ʿawrah (private areas).
5. The time of Salāh must have entered.
6. Must face the qiblah.
7. Having an intention in the heart regarding which Salāh he is performing, or if he is joining an imām.
2) Farāid (mandatory acts) of ṣalāh:
1.al-Tahrīmah (saying the first Allāhu Akbar).
2. Qiyām (standing).
3. Qirā’ah (reciting the Qur’ān, even if it be anāyah).
4. Rukūʿ.
5. Sujūd.
6. Final sitting of al-tashahud.
Wājibāt (necessary acts) of ṣalāh:
1. Reciting Surah al-Fatihāh.
2. To recite three verses after it.
3. To Surah al-Fatihāh before the extra three verses.
4. Reciting (Surah al-Fatihāh and the extra three verses) in the two rak’ʿāt of the farḍsalāh.
5. Pausing in each position of ṣalāh for at least one second (al-iṭmi’nān).
6. The first sitting of al-tashahud.
7. Reciting al-Tashahudduāʿ during both sittings.
8. Saying the word, “al-Salām” when ending the ṣalāh.
9. Reciting duāʿ al-qunūt in witrṣalāh.
10. Reciting the takbīrāt of ʿīd.
11. To recite loudly during al-ṣalāhal-jahriya (audible ṣalāh, i.e. Fajr, Jumaʿh, salāh of ʿĪd, tarāwīh, witr of Ramaḍān and the first two rak’ʿāt of Maghrib and ʿIshā).
12. To recite softly during al-ṣalāhal-khafiyah (quite ṣalāh, i.e. Ḍhuhr, ʿAsr and after the first two rak’ʿāt of Maghrib and ʿIshā).[1]
2)There is no prescribed duāʿbetween the two sajdahs according to Imām Abū Hanīfah. But there is no harm in saying the duāʿ (based on ahādīth found in Tirmiẓi, Ibn Mājah and Nasāi), “allāhummagfirlī warhamnī wajburnī wahdinī warzuqnī,” between the two sajdahs.[2]
3) Any duāʿ in Arabic is fine, as long as it is found within the Qur’ān and Sunnah.[3]
Only Allah knows best
Written by Maulana Tahsin Alam
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
[1]Mufti ʿĀshiqIlāhī, al-Tashīl al-Ḍharūrī, pg. 47.
[2]Shaykh Yusuf al-Banūrī, Ma’ʿārif al-Sunan, volume 3 pg. 70-71.
[3]Imam Marghīnānī, al-HidāyahSharhal-Bidāyahal-Mubtadi, volume 1 pg. 216.
