Fatwa ID: 09437
Answered by Muftiyah Maryam Badshah
Question:
Assalamalikum I have been searching for answer for this question but All i get is “Its probably halal” and in stricter websites you see that they will say haram. I have watched Yasir Qadhi video about art and in his
Lecture he says owning said art is different than making art as the tabieen and some salaf had images. My question is viewing 3D characters or 2D characters not making them just purchasing/viewing is haram or not because I fear that I kay go to hell because I played a game that had a picture of a wanted man and is realistic games with realistic characters haram as technology develops we see face scans of people for better modelling but in the end of the day there is no sculpting and chiseling involved just geometry that looks realistic and what about 2D characters like example I gave of a person wanted dead or alive and his face is drawn but I didnt draw it just view it and is viewing or playing it haram? Anyways salam
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
The rulings and principles regarding image making and drawing (taswir) are regarding making, wearing or placing these animate objects on display, not seeing them. When a person owns an item which contains taswir, it is impermissible for it to be placed in a position of veneration or a high place, such as on a wall or upright on the floor. It is also impermissible to wear or face towards them when performing salah. Taswir images are not affected by the medium on which they are created, so images displayed on a screen would still be considered taswir.[1]
For an image or drawing with missing body parts to be considered depicting something animate, it would need to be taken into consideration whether the portrayal could remain alive without these parts or not. If it would remain alive, it is considered animate. On the other hand, if the creature would be rendered deceased with these parts missing, it would be considered inanimate. Wanted posters are usually drawings of a person’s head without the torso and would therefore not be considered taswir. If the wanted poster does contain a depiction of a full living being with all its necessary body parts, it would be impermissible.[2]
Setting aside the technical parameters of taswir, an individual should contemplate their intent in purchasing such items by considering how this can endorse and influence others, as well as the permissibility of the content of such games. So whilst seeing an image considered taswir on a screen would not be impermissible, by purchasing such items, an individual facilitates the continued production of other items which would be considered taswir. It can also encourage others to commit taswir or similar acts.[3]
Narrated `Aisha ﵂: “I purchased a cushion with pictures on it. The Prophet ﷺ (came and) stood at the door but did not enter. I said (to him), “I repent to Allah for what (the guilt) I have done.” He said, “What is this cushion?” I said, “It is for you to sit on and recline on.” He ﷺ said, “The makers of these pictures will be punished on the Day of Resurrection and it will be said to them, “Make alive what you have created.” Moreover, the angels do not enter a house where there are pictures.” (Bukhari) [4]
Only Allah ﷻ knows best.
Written by Muftiyah Maryam Badshah
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
References:
[1]
الصُّورَةُ عَامٌّ فِي ذِي الرُّوحِ وَغَيْرِهِ، وَالتِّمْثَالُ خَاصٌّ بِمِثَالِ ذِي الرُّوحِ وَيَأْتِي أَنَّ غَيْرَ ذِي الرُّوحِ لَا يُكْرَهُ قَالَ الْقُهُسْتَانِيُّ: وَفِيهِ إشْعَارٌ بِأَنَّهُ لَا تُكْرَهُ صُورَةُ الرَّأْسِ، وَفِيهِ خِلَافٌ كَمَا فِي اتِّخَاذِهَا كَذَا فِي الْمُحِيطِ، قَالَ فِي الْبَحْرِ: وَفِي الْخُلَاصَةِ وَتُكْرَهُ التَّصَاوِيرُ عَلَى الثَّوْبِ صَلَّى فِيهِ أَوْ لَا انْتَهَى، وَهَذِهِ الْكَرَاهَةُ تَحْرِيمِيَّةٌ. وَظَاهِرُ كَلَامِ النَّوَوِيِّ فِي شَرْحِ مُسْلِمٍ الْإِجْمَاعُ عَلَى تَحْرِيمِ تَصْوِيرِ الْحَيَوَانِ، وَقَالَ: وَسَوَاءٌ صَنَعَهُ لِمَا يُمْتَهَنُ أَوْ لِغَيْرِهِ، فَصَنْعَتُهُ حَرَامٌ بِكُلِّ حَالٍ لِأَنَّ فِيهِ مُضَاهَاةَ لِخَلْقِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى، وَسَوَاءٌ كَانَ فِي ثَوْبٍ أَوْ بِسَاطٍ أَوْ دِرْهَمٍ وَإِنَاءٍ وَحَائِطٍ وَغَيْرِهَا اهـ فَيَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُونَ حَرَامًا لَا مَكْرُوهًا إنْ ثَبَتَ الْإِجْمَاعُ أَوْ قَطْعِيَّةُ الدَّلِيلِ بِتَوَاتُرِهِ
Raddul Muhtār (Vol.1, pg.647, Dār Al-Fiqr)
أَقُولُ: وَالظَّاهِرُ أَنَّهُ يَلْحَقُ بِهِ الصَّلِيبُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ تِمْثَالَ ذِي رَوْحٍ لِأَنَّ فِيهِ تَشَبُّهًا بِالنَّصَارَى. وَيُكْرَهُ التَّشَبُّهُ بِهِمْ فِي الْمَذْمُومِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْصِدْهُ كَمَا مَرَّ (قَوْلُهُ مَنْصُوبَةٍ) أَيْ بِحَيْثُ لَا تُوطَأُ وَلَا يُتَّكَأُ عَلَيْهَا قَالَ فِي الْهِدَايَةِ: وَلَوْ كَانَتْ الصُّورَةُ عَلَى وِسَادَةٍ مُلْقَاةٍ أَوْ عَلَى بِسَاطٍ مَفْرُوشٍ لَا يُكْرَهُ لِأَنَّهَا تُدَاسُ وَتُوطَأُ، بِخِلَافِ مَا إذَا كَانَتْ الْوِسَادَةُ مَنْصُوبَةً أَوْ كَانَتْ عَلَى السِّتْرِ لِأَنَّهَا تَعْظِيمٌ لَهَا (قَوْلُهُ وَالْأَظْهَرُ الْكَرَاهَةُ) لَكِنَّهَا فِيهِ أَيْسَرُ لِأَنَّهُ لَا تَعْظِيمَ فِيهِ وَلَا تَشَبُّهَ مِعْرَاجٌ، وَفِي الْبَحْرِ قَالُوا: وَأَشَدُّهَا كَرَاهَةً مَا يَكُونُ عَلَى الْقِبْلَةِ أَمَامَ الْمُصَلِّي، ثُمَّ مَا يَكُونُ فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِ ثُمَّ مَا يَكُونُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَيَسَارِهِ عَلَى الْحَائِطِ، ثُمَّ مَا يَكُونُ خَلْفَهُ عَلَى الْحَائِطِ أَوْ السِّتْرِ…
أَقُولُ: الَّذِي يَظْهَرُ مِنْ كَلَامِهِمْ أَنَّ الْعِلَّةَ إمَّا التَّعْظِيمُ أَوْ التَّشَبُّهُ كَمَا قَدَّمْنَاهُ، وَالتَّعْظِيمُ أَعَمُّ؛ كَمَا لَوْ كَانَتْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ أَوْ يَسَارِهِ أَوْ مَوْضِعِ سُجُودِهِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا تَشَبُّهَ فِيهَا بَلْ فِيهَا تَعْظِيمٌ، وَمَا كَانَ فِيهِ تَعْظِيمٌ وَتَشَبُّهٌ فَهُوَ أَشَدُّ كَرَاهَةً، وَلِهَذَا تَفَاوَتَتْ رُتْبَتُهَا كَمَا مَرَّ وَخَبَرُ جِبْرِيلَ – عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ – مَعْلُولٌ بِالتَّعْظِيمِ بِدَلِيلِ الْحَدِيثِ الْآخَرِ وَغَيْرِهِ، فَعَدَمُ دُخُولِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ إنَّمَا هُوَ حَيْثُ كَانَتْ الصُّورَةُ مُعَظَّمَةٌ، وَتَعْلِيلُ كَرَاهَةِ الصَّلَاةِ بِالتَّعْظِيمِ أَوْلَى مِنْ التَّعْلِيلِ بِعَدَمِ الدُّخُولِ لِأَنَّ التَّعْظِيمَ قَدْ يَكُونُ عَارِضًا لِأَنَّ الصُّورَةَ إذَا كَانَتْ عَلَى بِسَاطٍ مَفْرُوشٍ تَكُونُ مُهَانَةً لَا تَمْنَعُ مِنْ الدُّخُولِ، وَمَعَ هَذَا لَوْ صَلَّى عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْبِسَاطِ وَسَجَدَ عَلَيْهَا تُكْرَهُ لِأَنَّ فِعْلَهُ ذَلِكَ تَعْظِيمٌ لَهَا…
Raddul Muhtār (Vol.1, pg.648-9, Dār Al-Fiqr)
[2]
قَوْلُهُ أَوْ مَقْطُوعَةَ الرَّأْسِ) أَيْ سَوَاءٌ كَانَ مِنْ الْأَصْلِ أَوْ كَانَ لَهَا رَأْسٌ وَمُحِيَ، وَسَوَاءٌ كَانَ الْقَطْعُ بِخَيْطِ خِيطَ عَلَى جَمِيعِ الرَّأْسِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ لَهُ أَثَرٌ، أَوْ بَطَلَيْهِ بِمَغْرَةٍ أَوْ بِنَحْتِهِ، أَوْ بِغَسْلِهِ لِأَنَّهَا لَا تُعْبَدُ بِدُونِ الرَّأْسِ عَادَةً… (قَوْلُهُ أَوْ مَمْحُوَّةَ عُضْوٍ إلَخْ) تَعْمِيمٌ بَعْدَ تَخْصِيصٍ، وَهَلْ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ مَا لَوْ كَانَتْ مَثْقُوبَةَ الْبَطْنِ مَثَلًا. وَالظَّاهِرُ أَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ الثَّقْبُ كَبِيرًا يَظْهَرُ بِهِ نَقْصُهَا فَنَعَمْ وَإِلَّا فَلَا…
Raddul Muhtār (Vol.1, pg.648-9, Dār Al-Fiqr)
[3]
…وَقَالَا: يُكْرَهُ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {وَتَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوَى وَلا تَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ} [المائدة: ٢] وَلَهُ أَنَّ الْإِجَارَةَ عَلَى مَنْفَعَةِ الْبَيْتِ وَلِهَذَا تَجِبُ الْأُجْرَةُ بِمُجَرَّدِ التَّسْلِيمِ وَلَا مَعْصِيَةَ فِيهِ وَإِنَّمَا الْمَعْصِيَةُ بِفِعْلِ الْمُسْتَأْجِرِ وَهُوَ مُخْتَارٌ فِيهِ…
Al-Bahr Al-Rāiq (Vol.8, pg.230, Dār Al-Kitab Al-Islami)
[4]
حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مِنْهَالٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ أَنَّهَا اشْتَرَتْ نُمْرُقَةً فِيهَا تَصَاوِيرُ، فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِالْبَابِ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ. فَقُلْتُ أَتُوبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِمَّا أَذْنَبْتُ. قَالَ ” مَا هَذِهِ النُّمْرُقَةُ ”. قُلْتُ لِتَجْلِسَ عَلَيْهَا وَتَوَسَّدَهَا. قَالَ ” إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ هَذِهِ الصُّوَرِ يُعَذَّبُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، يُقَالُ لَهُمْ أَحْيُوا مَا خَلَقْتُمْ. وَإِنَّ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ لاَ تَدْخُلُ بَيْتًا فِيهِ الصُّورَةُ ”.
Sahih al-Bukhari 5957 (Bk.77, ch.92, sunnah.com)