Fatwa ID: 08891
Answered by Alimah Humairah Badshah
Question:
Shamim Sahib has 259,000 taka. But he is currently unemployed. He is carrying his family’s expenses from this saved money. He is looking for an idea to start a business. Eid al-Adha is coming. Now Shamim Sahib is thinking that if he does Qurbani from this money, he will be in trouble for the money he needs to start his business and run his family. In this situation, will it be obligatory for him to do Qurbani or can he refrain from doing qurbani this year if he wants.
Here is another issue: Shamim Sahib’s wife owns 3 tola gold. Along with this, she may own some money like 100 / 200 / 500 taka or something like that. In addition, some of her money (75 thousand) is in her father’s hand, but Shamim Sahib’s wife does not have it. So, is Qurbani obligatory on his wife too?
In this situation, if Shamim Sahib’s wife has to perform Qurbani, then maybe Shamim Sahib will have to pay from that saved money. Although the Qurbani is obligatory on the wife, if Shamim Sahib does not offer it on behalf of his wife, then the wife will not be able to sell the gold and offer the Qurbani or will not offer it. In that case, the wife may be guilty of a sin. What should Shamim Sahib do in this situation? Should he offer the Qurbani on behalf of himself and his wife, or should he refrain from offering the Qurbani this year to cover his family expenses and start a business?
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
Qurbani is necessary upon every adult non-traveller who owns the amount of nisab (ie: the amount which makes Zakat and Sadaqah al-Fitr necessary) on the days of Sacrifice (the 10th, 11th, or 12th of Dhu’l Hijjah).
Determining whether 259,000 taka (presumably Bangladeshi taka) is enough for nisab is a task best suited for a qualified local Bangladeshi scholar using the exact price of 612.36 grams of silver or 87.48 grams of gold on the date in question. Only if the amount is determined to be above nisab will Qurbani be obligatory.
As for the lady who owns three ‘tola’ of gold, her nisab will also be calculated using the exact price of 612.36 grams of silver or 87.48 grams of gold on the date in question. Her net worth will be the value of the three ‘tola’ of gold plus the 75,000 taka and the extra few hundred taka she may own. The weight of a ‘tola’ in grams can be 10, 11.66, 11.7 or 12.5 grams depending on local customs, so the gold will need to be weighed in grams to determine the true weight. Should her wealth be determined to be above nisaab, Qurbani will be obligatory upon her.
Should Qurbani become necessary for the lady, she should first investigate whether it is possible to do so from the 75,000 taka in her father’s possession, as this would be the most convenient option. If this is not possible, she must convert some of her gold to cash or her husband may volunteer to pay on her behalf.
References:
https://nzf.org.uk/knowledge/how-do-you-convert-your-gold-from-bhoris-tolas-and-voris-into-grams/
https://www.iifl.com/blogs/gold-loan/how-many-grams-is-1-tola-of-gold
قَوْلُهُ وَشَرَائِطُهَا) أَيْ شَرَائِطُ وُجُوبِهَا
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قَوْلُهُ وَالْيَسَارُ إلَخْ) بِأَنْ مَلَك مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ عَرْضًا يُسَاوِيهَا غَيْرَ مَسْكَنِهِ وَثِيَابِ اللُّبْسِ أَوْ مَتَاعٍ يَحْتَاجُهُ إلَى أَنْ يَذْبَحَ الْأُضْحِيَّةَ وَلَوْ لَهُ عَقَارٌ يَسْتَغِلُّهُ فَقِيلَ تَلْزَمُ لَوْ قِيمَتُهُ نِصَابًا، وَقِيلَ لَوْ يَدْخُلُ مِنْهُ قُوتُ سَنَةٍ تَلْزَمُ، وَقِيلَ قُوتُ شَهْرٍ، فَمَتَى فَضَلَ نِصَابٌ تَلْزَمُهُ
Radd Al-Muhtaar (Halabi ed., Daar Al-Fikr, https://shamela.ws) v.6 p.312
وَسَبَبُهَا الْوَقْتُ) وَهُوَ أَيَّامُ النَّحْرِ
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وَقَدْ تَكَرَّرَ وُجُوبُ الْأُضْحِيَّةِ بِتَكَرُّرِ
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الْوَقْتِ وَهُوَ ظَاهِرٌ وَوُجِدَتْ الْإِضَافَةُ فَإِنَّهُ يُقَالُ يَوْمُ الْأَضْحَى كَمَا يُقَالُ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ أَوْ الْعِيدِ وَإِنْ كَانَ الْأَصْلُ إضَافَةُ الْحُكْمِ إلَى سَبَبِهِ كَصَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ، لَكِنْ قَدْ يُعْكَسُ كَيَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ. وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَى سَبَبِيَّةِ الْوَقْتِ امْتِنَاعُ التَّقْدِيمِ عَلَيْهِ كَامْتِنَاعِ تَقْدِيمِ الصَّلَاةِ، وَإِنَّمَا لَمْ تَجِبْ عَلَى الْفَقْدِ لِفَقْدِ الشَّرْطِ وَهُوَ الْغِنَى وَإِنْ وُجِدَ السَّبَبُ
Radd Al-Muhtaar (Halabi ed., Daar Al-Fikr, https://shamela.ws) v.6 p.312-313
وَمَنْ بَلَغَ مِنْ الصِّغَارِ فِي أَيَّامِ النَّحْرِ وَهُوَ مُوسِرٌ تَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْإِجْمَاعِ بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِنَا، كَذَا فِي الْبَدَائِعِ
Al-Fataawa Al-Hindiyyah (Daar Al-Fikr, https://shamela.ws) v.5 p.293
تَجِبُ فِي كُلِّ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ خَمْسَةُ دَرَاهِمَ، وَفِي كُلِّ عِشْرِينَ مِثْقَالِ ذَهَبٍ نِصْفُ مِثْقَالٍ
Al-Fataawa Al-Hindiyyah (Daar Al-Fikr, https://shamela.ws) v.1 p.178
Only Allah (عز و جل) knows best.
Written by Alimah Humairah Badshah
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham