Fatwa ID: 09250
Answered by Muftiyah Humairah Badshah
Question:
Assalamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh,
I follow the Hanafi madhab and would appreciate clarification regarding zakat on children’s wealth.
1. If a **mother gifts gold to her daughters** and the gold genuinely belongs to them, but the daughters are still minors and have not reached puberty, is zakat payable on that gold according to Hanafi fiqh?
2. If a **parent places money in a bank account in the child’s name**, and the money is intended to belong to the child, but the child has not yet reached puberty, is zakat payable on those savings according to Hanafi fiqh?
3. If zakat is not required while the children are minors, **when would the zakat year begin** for their wealth according to the Hanafi madhab?
Jazakum Allahu khayran for your time.
Wassalamu Alaikum
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
According to the Hanafi madhab, zakat is not due upon minors.[1] Therefore, the answers to your questions are thus:
1) If the gold belongs to the minor daughters, no zakat is due upon them.[1]
2) If the money is fully and solely in the minor child’s name, it belongs to the minor children and so no zakat is due upon them.[1]
3) When a minor child who owns the amount of nisaab reaches puberty, they become mature and zakat becomes due upon them. They should calculate the passing of a year starting from the day they reached puberty.[1]
Only Allah ﷻ knows best.
Written by Muftiyah Humairah Badshah
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
References:
[1]
وَمِنْهَا الْعَقْلُ وَالْبُلُوغُ) فَلَيْسَ الزَّكَاةُ عَلَى صَبِيٍّ
Al-Fataawa Al-Hindiyyah (Daar Al-Fikr, https://shamela.ws) v.1 p.172
[2]
وَكَذَا الصَّبِيُّ إذَا بَلَغَ يُعْتَبَرُ ابْتِدَاءُ الْحَوْلِ مِنْ وَقْتِ بُلُوغِهِ هَكَذَا فِي التَّبْيِينِ وَتَجِبُ عَلَى الْمُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ، وَإِنْ اسْتَوْعَبَ الْإِغْمَاءُ حَوْلًا كَامِلًا كَذَا فِي فَتَاوَى قَاضِي خَانْ
(وَمِنْهَا كَوْنُ الْمَالِ نِصَابًا) فَلَا تَجِبُ فِي أَقَلَّ مِنْهُ
Al-Fataawa Al-Hindiyyah (Daar Al-Fikr, https://shamela.ws) v.1 p.172