Fatwa ID: 09458
Answered by Muftiyah Maryam Badshah
Question:
If a person after committing shirk and after that repents and says shahada and after some days , he/she gets to know that if he pronounced it correctly at that time or gets a doubt , should the person recite it again and take a ghusl.
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
“O mankind, worship your Lord who created you and those before you, that you may become righteous [He] who made for you the earth a bed [spread out] and the sky a ceiling and sent down from the sky, rain and brought forth thereby fruits as provision for you. So do not attribute to Allāh equals while you know ” Surah Al-Baqarah (2:21-2) [1]
Shirk is a term that refers to associating partners with Allah ﷻ through one’s words or deeds. As it pertains to a person’s belief in Islam and is a denial of the Oneness of Allah ﷻ, it is a major sin that can result in kufr (disbelief). Kufr (apostasy) occurs when a person verbally denies or mocks the religion willingly. If a person has thoughts of disbelief that they decide are true, or they decide to become a disbeliever, then this person has committed apostasy. Disbelief is not done by mistake, and neither is Islam removed by doubtful situations or obsessive thoughts (waswasah).[2]
Actions are based on intentions and certainty is not removed by doubt. It would not be necessary to perform the Shahādah again if an individual intended to say the Shahādah correctly but later assumes they accidentally mispronounced the words. However, it would do them no harm to perform istighfār and reaffirm their Shahādah to put their mind at ease, and ghusl would not be a necessary requirement for this.[3]
Only Allah ﷻ knows best.
Written by Muftiyah Maryam Badshah
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
References:
[1]
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اعْبُدُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الْأَرْضَ فِرَاشًا وَالسَّمَاءَ بِنَاءً وَأَنزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَأَخْرَجَ بِهِ مِنَ الثَّمَرَاتِ رِزْقًا لَّكُمْ ۖ فَلَا تَجْعَلُوا لِلَّهِ أَندَادًا وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
Qur’an (2:21-2)
[2]
الْمُرْتَدُّ عُرْفًا هُوَ الرَّاجِعُ عَنْ دِينِ الْإِسْلَامِ كَذَا فِي النَّهْرِ الْفَائِقِ وَرُكْنُ الرِّدَّةِ إجْرَاءُ كَلِمَةِ الْكُفْرِ عَلَى اللِّسَانِ بَعْدَ وُجُودِ الْإِيمَانِ وَشَرَائِطُ صِحَّتِهَا الْعَقْلُ … وَمِنْهَا الطَّوْعُ فَلَا تَصِحُّ رِدَّةُ الْمُكْرَهِ عَلَيْهَا…
Al-Fatāwa al-Hindiyyah (Vol.2, pg.253, Dār Al-Fiqr)
قَوْلُهُ وَرُكْنُهَا إجْرَاءُ كَلِمَةِ الْكُفْرِ عَلَى اللِّسَانِ) هَذَا بِالنِّسْبَةِ إلَى الظَّاهِرِ الَّذِي يَحْكُمُ بِهِ الْحَاكِمُ، وَإِلَّا فَقَدْ تَكُونُ بِدُونِهِ كَمَا لَوْ عَرَضَ لَهُ اعْتِقَادٌ بَاطِلٌ أَوْ نَوَى أَنْ يَكْفُرَ بَعْدَ حِينٍ أَفَادَهُ
Raddul Muhtār (Vol.4, pg.221, Dār Al-Fiqr)
لَا يُخْرِجُ الرَّجُلَ مِنْ الْإِيمَانِ إلَّا جُحُودُ مَا أَدْخَلَهُ فِيهِ ثُمَّ مَا تَيَقَّنَ أَنَّهُ رِدَّةٌ يُحْكَمُ بِهَا وَمَا يَشُكُّ أَنَّهُ رِدَّةٌ لَا يُحْكَمُ بِهَا إذْ الْإِسْلَامُ الثَّابِتُ لَا يَزُولُ بِالشَّكِّ مَعَ أَنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ يَعْلُو…
Raddul Muhtār (Vol.4, pg.224, Dār Al-Fiqr)
[3]
١ – القَاعِدَة الأولى : [ اَلۡأُمُوۡرُ بِمُقَاصِدِهَا ]
–
۳ – القَاعِدَة الثَالِثَة – [ اليَقِيۡنُ لَا يَزُوۡلُ بِالشَّكِ ]
اليَقِيۡن : الۡجَزۡمُ بِوَقُوۡعِ الشَّيۡء أَو عَدۡمِ وَقُوۡعِهِ ، وَيَلِيۡهِ الظَّنُّ الۡغَالِبُ وَهُوَ تَرۡجِيۡحُ أَحَدِ الطَّرۡفَيۡن . وَالشَّكُّ : هُوَ التَّرَدۡدُ فِي وُقُوعِ الشَّيۡءِ وَعَدۡمِ وَقُوۡعِهِ عَلَى السَّوَاءِ
وَالۡمَعۡنَى : أَنَّ الۡأَمۡرُ الۡمُتَيَقَّنُ بِثَبُوۡتِهِ لَا يَرۡتَفِعُ إِلَّا بِدَلِيۡلٍ قَاطِعٍ ، وَلَا يَحۡكُمُ بِزَوَالِهِ بِمُجَرَّدِ الشَّك ، لِأَنَّ الشِّكَّ أَضۡعَفُ مِنَ الۡيَقِيۡنِ فَلَا يُعَارِضُهُ
Qawaa’id Fiqhiyyah (pg.12 & 15, Darul Tirmizi)
وَإِسْلَامُهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِكَلِمَةِ الشَّهَادَةِ، وَيَتَبَرَّأَ عَنْ الْأَدْيَانِ كُلِّهَا سِوَى الْإِسْلَامِ
Al-Fatāwa al-Hindiyyah (Vol.2, pg.253, Dār Al-Fiqr)