Fatwa ID: 09504
Answered by Mufti Abdurrahman Mohammad
Question:
Me and my husband were watching reels on tick tok and watch a video of a couple wedding photoshoot and a lady commented on that reel that, “I badly need to get a divorce and marry again to get a wedding like this.” Then my husband told me look a stupid person is saying and I told him that why are you looking at these types of comments why don’t you ignore these things. Now I don’t remember either he read this comment loudly or not. Now my question is that does saying a comment like that can break Nikah? Or Nikah is safe? I’m asking about this particular comment “I badly need to get a divorce and marry again to get a wedding like this“. Please help in this situation according to sharia law. Jazak Allah
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
Divorce (Talāq) is divided into two types: Sarīh (clear and explicit) and Kināyah (indirect or ambiguous). [1] Talāq Sarīh consists of words that clearly and directly indicate divorce and leave no room for any other meaning. [2] Kināyah refers to statements that may imply divorce but can also be understood in another way. [3]
The comment “I badly need to get a divorce and marry again to get a wedding like this” is not a clear or direct declaration of divorce, rather it is simply an expression of desire or frustration. Therefore, it does not fall under Talāq Sarīh and at most may be considered Kināyah. However, for a divorce to occur through Kināyah, the circumstances need to indicate a divorce was being issued, or a clear intention to give Talāq must be present. [2] Without circumstance or intention, divorce does not take place.
Furthermore, divorce only occurs through Inshā’ (actually issuing a divorce), not through Ikhbār (quoting, narrating, or reading someone else’s words). [4, 5, 6] Reading or reacting to another person’s statement about divorce without any intention to divorce one’s spouse has no effect on the marriage. Therefore, in this situation, no divorce has occurred and the Nikāh remains valid and intact.
Only Allah ﷻ knows best.
Written by Mufti Abdurrahman Mohammad
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
References:
[1]
الْبَابُ الثَّانِي فِي إيقَاعِ الطَّلَاقِ وَفِيهِ سَبْعَةُ فُصُولٍ). (الْفَصْلُ الْأَوَّلُ فِي الطَّلَاقِ الصَّرِيحِ). وَهُوَ كَأَنْتِ طَالِقٌ وَمُطَلَّقَةٌ وَطَلَّقْتُك وَتَقَعُ وَاحِدَةٌ رَجْعِيَّةٌ وَإِنْ نَوَى الْأَكْثَرَ أَوْ الْإِبَانَةَ أَوْ لَمْ يَنْوِ شَيْئًا كَذَا فِي الْكَنْزِ.
(Al-Fatāwā Al-Hindiyya, vol. 1, pg. 354, Al-Maṭba’ah Al-Kubrā Al-Amīriyyah)
[2]
وَعَرَّفَهُ فِي التَّحْرِيرِ بِمَا يَثْبُتُ حُكْمُهُ الشَّرْعِيُّ بِلَا نِيَّةٍ، وَأَرَادَ بِمَا اللَّفْظَ أَوْ مَا يَقُومُ مَقَامَهُ مِنْ الْكِتَابَةِ الْمُسْتَبِينَةِ أَوْ الْإِشَارَةِ الْمَفْهُومَةِ
(Radd Al-Muhtār, vol. 3, pg. 247, Darul Fikr Beirut)
[3]
كِنَايَتُهُ) عِنْدَ الْفُقَهَاءِ (مَا لَمْ يُوضَعْ لَهُ) أَيْ الطَّلَاقِ (وَاحْتَمَلَهُ) وَغَيْرَهُ
(Radd Al-Muhtār, vol. 3, pg. 296, Darul Fikr Beirut)
[4]
لَا يَقَعُ بِهَا الطَّلَاقُ إلَّا بِالنِّيَّةِ أَوْ بِدَلَالَةِ حَالٍ
(Al-Fatāwā Al-Hindiyya, vol. 1, pg. 374, Al-Maṭba’ah Al-Kubrā Al-Amīriyyah)
[5]
وَقَيَّدْنَا بِالْإِنْشَاءِ لِأَنَّهُ لَوْ أُكْرِهَ عَلَى أَنْ يُقِرَّ بِالطَّلَاقِ فَأَقَرَّ لَا يَقَعُ كَمَا لَوْ أَقَرَّ بِالطَّلَاقِ هَازِلًا أَوْ كَاذِبًا كَذَا فِي الْخَانِيَّةِ مِنْ الْإِكْرَاهِ وَمُرَادُهُ بِعَدَمِ الْوُقُوعِ فِي الْمُشَبَّهِ بِهِ عَدَمُهُ دِيَانَةً لِمَا فِي فَتْحِ الْقَدِيرِ وَلَوْ أَقَرَّ بِالطَّلَاقِ وَهُوَ كَاذِبٌ وَقَعَ فِي الْقَضَاءِ اهـ.
(Al-Bahr Ar-Rāiq, vol. 3, pg. 264, Dār Al-Kitāb Al-Islāmī)
وَفِي الشَّرْعِ رَفْعُ قَيْدِ النِّكَاحِ بِلَفْظٍ مَخْصُوصٍ وَهُوَ مَا اشْتَمَلَ عَلَى مَادَّةِ ط ل اق صَرِيحًا كَأَنْتِ طَالِقٌ أَوْ كِنَايَةً كَمُطْلَقَةٍ بِالتَّخْفِيفِ وَهِجَاءِ طَالِقٍ بِلَا تَرْكِيبٍ كَأَنْتِ طَالِقٌ عَلَى مَا سَيَأْتِي
(Radd Al-Muhtār, vol. 3, pg. 463, Darul Fikr Beirut)
[6]
وَلَوْ قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ لَسْت لِي بِامْرَأَةٍ أَوْ قَالَ لَهَا مَا أَنَا بِزَوْجِك أَوْ سُئِلَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ هَلْ لَك امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَ لَا فَإِنْ قَالَ أَرَدْت بِهِ الْكَذِبَ يُصَدَّقُ فِي الرِّضَا وَالْغَضَبِ جَمِيعًا وَلَا يَقَعُ الطَّلَاقُ وَإِنْ قَالَ نَوَيْت الطَّلَاقَ يَقَعُ فِي قَوْلِ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ – رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى – وَإِنْ قَالَ لَمْ أَتَزَوَّجْك وَنَوَى الطَّلَاقَ لَا يَقَعُ الطَّلَاقُ بِالْإِجْمَاعِ كَذَا فِي الْبَدَائِعِ. وَلَوْ قَالَ مَا لِي امْرَأَةٌ لَا يَقَعُ وَإِنْ نَوَى وَكَذَا لَوْ قَالَ عَلَيَّ حَجَّةٌ إنْ كَانَتْ لِي امْرَأَةٌ وَهَذَا بِالْإِجْمَاعِ ذَكَرَهُ الْإِمَامُ السَّرَخْسِيُّ فِي نُسْخَتِهِ وَالشَّيْخُ الْإِمَامُ نَجْمُ الدِّينِ فِي شَرْحِ الشَّافِي كَذَا فِي الْخُلَاصَةِ. قَدْ اتَّفَقُوا جَمِيعًا أَنَّهُ لَوْ قَالَ وَاَللَّهِ مَا أَنْتِ لِي بِامْرَأَةٍ أَوْ لَسْت وَاَللَّهِ لِي بِامْرَأَةٍ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَقَعُ شَيْءٌ وَإِنْ نَوَى وَلَوْ قَالَ لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيك يَنْوِي الطَّلَاقَ فَلَيْسَ بِطَلَاقٍ وَلَوْ قَالَ افْلَحِي يَنْوِي الطَّلَاقَ كَانَ طَلَاقًا كَذَا فِي السِّرَاجِ الْوَهَّاجِ.
(Al-Fatāwā Al-Hindiyya, vol. 1, pg. 375, Al-Maṭba’ah Al-Kubrā Al-Amīriyyah)
رَجُلٌ قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ يَا مُطَلَّقَةُ إنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا زَوْجٌ قَبْلُ أَوْ كَانَ لَهَا زَوْجٌ لَكِنْ مَاتَ ذَلِكَ الزَّوْجُ وَلَمْ يُطَلِّقْ وَقَعَ الطَّلَاقُ عَلَيْهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ لَهَا زَوْجٌ قَبْلَهُ وَقَدْ كَانَ طَلَّقَهَا ذَلِكَ الزَّوْجُ إنْ لَمْ يَنْوِ بِكَلَامِهِ الْإِخْبَارَ طَلُقَتْ وَإِنْ قَالَ عَنَيْت بِهِ الْإِخْبَارَ دُيِّنَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَ
(Al-Fatāwā Al-Hindiyya, vol. 1, pg. 355, Al-Maṭba’ah Al-Kubrā Al-Amīriyyah)